After high school Essay Example for Free

After high school EssayAs we get older, to a greater extent and more problems begin to form. When we reach our teenage years though, it becomes worse. One problem I think the hardest is for young adults is deciding what we want to do for the rest of our lives when we be so young. You layabout go to college, array or the imparts field depending on your preference. When were in high school, we have to raise our hand and ask to engagement the restroom, go to the office to involve any phone c each no matter how outstanding it whitethorn be and have ridiculous dress code rules. You are treated like a babe from kindergarten all the way up to senior year and yet they expect you to make the close important decision of your life then. One topic that pile do straight out of high school is go directly to the work field. Although its normally in most passels outmatch intimacy not to, not everyone is made for college. Unless you are extremely gold, it has been found that peop le who didnt advance to new(prenominal) cultivation after high school make 85% less than those with a college diploma. My brother has a roommate in college and his dad dropped out of college after his first year or two and he makes more money than most people will ever see. His wife doesnt have to work and his kids have it made when it comes to the materialistic things in life. He owns his own real estate company in Pittsburgh and sells and subscribe tos houses to people.He does most of his own work so he doesnt have to pay people to do it, which is very convenient for him. Although most people do not get as lucky as him, thats okay for some people because money isnt everything though. manytimes its repair to take time off of school instead of wasting all that money when you wear thint dismantle know what you are planning on doing for the rest of your life and going straight to college. at that place are many reasons why people decide to not go to college, not because they mediocre dont think that they can do it. Sometimes people have kids before they plan, family problems or even so they just cant get serve up to pay for it so it holds them bum from attending. College is an expensive thing that most people dont want to pay for. You have years of loans to pay back and for a lot of people they end up miserable at their mulls after a fewerer years. It is alike very hard to get dish to pay for you college procreation. When my cousin tried getting help for college, because she had a full time job and no kids she could get nevertheless any money even though she wasnt getting any help from her parents.If college still isnt the right thing for you however you dont want McDonalds to be your completelydefinite in for a job, the military is a great option. Although you have to work your butt off for it, the military gives awesome benefits. Of course its nobody that the NBA players make, which is ridiculous, but it is still a lot just for being in t he military. A player in the NBA averages about $5.15 million per year and all the do is dribble and shoot a basketball for a living where people in the military have to work their tails off every maven day to fight for our country and they only get about $70 thousand per year. in that location is a lot of schooling that they will pay for you so you can still get an education temporary hookup being in the military. Not only will you get your schooling paid for, but also you can even get paid for going. Also, they have programs like ROTC where you can still train for the military but you are in an actual college getting your education. As well as getting your education paid for, you also get free medical care, financial security and you can retire round 20 years before other people do. If you get all of that stuff paid for, is at that place even anything left to buy? Food and housing. No worries, in the Army, you receive a regular payroll check and free housing including meals. If you live off of base, you will still receive a housing allowance. however if the amount of free meals and the checks dont cover all of the food you want, some restaurants and grocery stores tin military discounts, which will also save a lot of money. My dad owns houses and rent them out to people and the first thing he looks at is what kind of job they have to make sure they can keep up with rent. Last summer on that point was a guy from the Army that tried to rent of my dad and he told him that the monthly paying isnt going to be a big circularize because he gets checks from the Army specifically for his housing so it is totally free for him. Although college isnt everyones best option, I believe its more worth it than working forever at a job that barely gets you by. Colleges can really help you out when you arent exactly sure what you want to do. Some even make you take a full year of general education classes just so you are sure that you want to be in that major. Nobody should waste thousands of dollars just to change their fountainhead like 50-70% of college kids end up doing. Also, most colleges have classes that help you transition from high school to college and help get good study habits and things like that.For most kids, what they do for the school like sports, music, theatre and clubs is the most important part of high school. Proceeding to college gives you the opportunity to furtheryour career in things like that where at that place are plenty of sports, clubs, different bands and also sororities and fraternities. Although that would be going to college for the wrong reasons, a college education in general expands your knowledge base, makes you more organized and exposes you to a whole new world of learning. There are also so many different types of colleges though. Depending on your preference, you can go to school for a few months or 12 years. There are community colleges, tech schools, four-year schools and also schools that are tota lly base on what you want to do. At the four-year schools, you have to take a certain amount of general education courses where as a college with a certain amount of month program, all of your classes are dedicated for your major. either school that you go to has a variety of majors to choose from which also make the college option hard. There are some things that people will never even hear of until they go to college and even then, there are thousands of jobs you can do with most majors that people will probably never even know throughout their entire life. A lot of people dont realize that a really big benefit of going to both college and the military is the life long friends that you make. Of course youll eer have your friends from high school, but college and the military both give you the opportunity to start over and make new friends. As you can see, there are benefits to every option you decide to do when you calibrate high school. There are also a lot of cons to the opti on that you decide. It all depends on the somebody and what they are like. Its just a very hard decision to make when you are barely old enough to stay outside past 11pm. We are very uneducated about the all the different majors in college and the benefits of or other options if we decided to not go to college. We have only lived about a quarter of our life and we are expected to decide what we want to do for leash more quarters of our life. This decision is the one that is going to affect you for the rest of your life and I just dont think that we are educated enough to make it.

The Neolithic and Industrial Revolutions Essay Example for Free

The Neolithic and Industrial Revolutions EssayThe 2 changes in the character of the earths resources that had the greatest effect on the world commonwealth were the Neolithic and the industrial revolutions.The Neolithic revolution (a.k.a. agricultural revolution) was a change in the office of life story of our ancestors. It took place close 8000 years ago among conf social functiond tribes in Asia and the Middle East. It included a transition from foraging and hunting to the domestication of animals (most probably fuck off-go with the dog) and to farming. Tribes sett conduct in fertile beas and take a hoped agricultural communities umteen of which grew into villages and cities. This relatively stable way of life and the more reliable food supply (and surplus) led to the development of new professions, to labor specialization and in conclusion to the stratification of these societies.Improved conditions of life led to somewhat longer life spans. Nevertheless populat ion reaping remained low due to high infant mortality tells. The impact of the Neolithic revolution was not as much on immediate population growth (even though it did catch a long attainmark impact on population growth) as on the material and spiritual development of the human race. It is widely regarded as the beginning of civilization.Industrial revolution was an appointer(a) process of change. It was the process of substituting muscle ability with machine powerfulness. It took place in the 18th century in Europe and is relieve happening in many sectionalizations of the world.In many characteristics it has been similar to the Neolithic revolution it increased production, it led to the use of resources that had been mostly unused until then and it improved the over entirely quality of life. It redundanceively led to changes in the social organization of society. What was different was its impact on population growth. It was quick and easily noticeable. Advanced sanitat ion, hygiene and medicine led to longer life spans and declining death rates, with the birth rates remaining high. This resulted in a high rate of population growth that still continues in many countries.The in variantation revolution is the process of change that began in the second half of the 20th century in the positive countries of the world. It is the process of substituting brain power with machine power. It leads to increased production and has the potential to create a more even distribution of the worlds population on the surface of the earth. It also has the potential to decrease the differences between the less developed and the highly developed nations of the world. Then again it also has the potential to increase those differences. It causes changes in the structure of society. Many of its impacts are still to be experienced.Environmental Revolution means In view of some, a coming change in the adaptation of human to the rising deterioration of the environment. The En vironmental Revolution will purportedly bring about sustainable interactions with the environment. Revolutions suggest overthrowing something, and indeed, what is involved is an overthrow of prevalent attitudes toward over economy and the environment. This does not have to be a violent revolution it could take place so peacefully that it would take a time to come generation to look back and realize that a major revolution had continuered.We place choose to bear with the changes necessary to achieve susta softness by planning properly and learning as we go, or we fucking curve the signs of unsustainability and increase our impact on the environment by driving bigger cars ( and more of them), living in bigger houses, flying off to more vacations, and, in general, expecting to enjoy more of everything. And the developing world, as it tries urgently to catch up to our living standards, could make the same mistakes we are making, with devastating consequences because there so many m ore people there than in the developed world. If we choose to ignore the signs that our current practices are unsustainable, a different kind of environmental revolution will be thrust upon us by the inability of the environment to support an irresponsible human population.Biogeochemical rhythm method of birth controlsIn the carbon cycle, the key events are the complementary reactions ofexternal respiration and photosynthesis. Respiration takes carbohydrates and oxygen and combines them to produce carbon dioxide, water, and zero. Photosynthesis (6CO + 12H O + Light Energy C H O + 6O +6H O) takes carbon dioxide and water and produces carbohydrates and oxygen. The outputs of respiration are the inputs of photosynthesis, and the outputs of photosynthesis are the inputs of respiration. The reactions are also complementary in the way they deal with energy. Photosynthesis takes energy from the sun and stores it in the carbon-carbon bonds of carbohydrates respiration releases that energy . Both plants and animals carry on respiration, but only(prenominal) plants and other producers can carry on photosynthesis. The chief reservoirs for carbon dioxide are in the oceans and in rock. vitamin C dioxide dissolves readily in water.Once there, it may precipitate as a solid rock cognise as calcium carbonate. Corals and algae encourage this reaction and build up limest iodin reefs in the process. On land and in the water, plants take up carbon dioxide and convert it into carbohydrates through photosynthesis. This carbon in the plants now has 3 possible endings. It can be returned to the atmosphere by the plant through respiration it can be eaten by an animal, or it can be present in the plant when the plant dies. Animals obtain all their carbon in their food, and, thus, all carbon in biological systems in the long run comes from plants. In the animal, the carbon also has the same 3 possible endings. Carbon from plants or animals that is released to the atmosphere through respiration will any be taken up by a plant in photosynthesis or dissolved in the oceans.When an animal or a plant dies, two things can happen to the carbon in it. It can either be respired by decomposers or released to the atmosphere, or it can be buried intact and ultimately form coal, oil, or natural gas (fossil fuels). The fossil fuels can be mined and burned in the future releasing carbon dioxide to the atmosphere. Otherwise, the carbon in limestone or other sediments can only be released to the atmosphere when they are sub ducted and brought to volcanoes, or when they are pushed to the surface and slowly weathered away. Humans have a great impact on the carbon cycle because when we burn fossil fuels we release excess carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. This means that more carbon dioxide goes into the oceans, and more is present in the atmosphere. This causes global warming, because the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere allows more energy to reach theEarth from the sun than it allows escaping from the Earth into space.Phosphorus has only one form, phosphate. This molecule never makes its way into the atmosphere it is always part of an organism, dissolved in water, or in the form of rock. When rock with phosphate is exposed to water, the rock is weathered out and goes into solution. Plants get phosphorus from the e acres, by and by the water washes it into the ground. Animals obtain their phosphorous from the plants they eat. Animals may also use phosphorous as a chemical element of bones, teeth and shells. When animals or plants die, the phosphate may be returned to the soil or water by the decomposers. There, it can be taken up by another plant and used again. This cycle will occur over and over until at last the phosphorous is lost at the bottom of the deepest parts of the ocean, where it becomes part of the sedimentary rocks forming there.Ultimately, this phosphorous will be released if the rock is brought to the surface and weathered. Two types of animals play a unique role in the phosphorous cycle. Humans often mine rock rich in phosphorous. For instance, in Florida, which was once sea floor, there are extensive phosphate mines. The phosphate is then used as fertilizer. This mining of phosphate and use of the phosphate as fertilizer greatly accelerates the phosphorous cycle and may cause local overabundance of phosphorous, particularly in coastal regions, at the mouths of rivers, and anyplace where there is a lot of sewage released into the water.Local abundance of phosphate can cause overgrowth of algae in the water the algae can use up all the oxygen in the water and putting to death other aquatic life. This is called eutrophication. The other animals that play a unique role in the phosphorous cycle are marine birds. These birds take phosphorous containing fish out of the ocean and return to land, where they defecate. Their guano contains high levels of phosphorous and in this way marine birds return phosphorous from t he ocean to the land. The guano is often mined and may form the basis of the economy in some areas.Nitrogen gas in the atmosphere is composed of two northward atoms bound to each other. It is a pretty non-reactive gas it takes a lot of energy to get nitrogen gas to break up and combine with other things, such as carbon or oxygen. Nitrogen gas can be taken from the atmosphere in two ways. First,lightning provides enough energy to burn the nitrogen and fix it in the form of nitrate. This process is duplicated in fertilizer factories to produce nitrogen fertilizers. The other form of nitrogen fixation is by nitrogen fixing bacteria, which use special enzymes quite of the extreme amount of energy found in lightning to fix nitrogen. These nitrogen-fixing bacteria come in triplet forms some are free-living in the soil some form symbiotic, mutualistic associations with the roots of bean plants and other legumes and the third form of nitrogen-fixing bacteria are the photosynthetic cyanoba cteria which are found most usually in water.All of these fix nitrogen, either in the form of nitrate or in the form of ammonia. Most plants can take up nitrate and convert it to amino acids. Animals acquire all of their amino acids when they eat plants or other animals. When plants or animals die or release waste, the nitrogen is returned to the soil. The usual form of nitrogen returned to the soil in animal wastes or in the output of the decomposers, is ammonia. Ammonia is rather toxic, but, fortuitously there are nitrite bacteria in the soil and in the water which take up ammonia and convert it to nitrite. Nitrite is also somewhat toxic, but another type of bacteria, nitrate bacteria, takes nitrite and converts it to nitrate, which can be taken up by plants to continue the cycle. Then, to return the nitrogen back to the air, there is denitrifying bacteria in the soil which takes the nitrate and combines the nitrogen back into nitrogen gas.Natural ecosystemsThe good and servic es provided by natural ecosystems are not easily seen in the market (meaning the market economy that normally allows us to place pry on things) or may not be in the market at all. Thus, things such as clean air to breathe, the formation of soil, the breakdown of pollutants, and the like never pass through the market economy. flock are often not even aware of their importance. Because of this, these things undervalued or not valued at all. The carrying into action of natural ecosystems provides services essential to human survival. Collectively, these services maintain the Earth in a state that can support life.Ecosystem services maintain the atmosphere, provide clean water, control soil erosion, pollution and pests, fertilize plants, and much more. Consider the atmosphere. Terrestrial animals need air with the correct balance of gases, which includes at least 20% oxygen. Oxygen is provided by plants and algae through photosynthesis. So clearing vegetation and polluting the ocean may threaten the very air we breathe. Water is also essential for survival. The water cycle of rain and evaporation is partially controlled by vegetation. For example, forests can affect entire regional climates because they pump enough water from the soil to the air, make more rainfall. Large-scale deforestation could cause serious drying of regional climates.ReferenceRichard T. Wright (2005) Environmental Science toward a Sustainable Future. Upper Saddle River, N.J. Pearson Prentice Hall 9th editionhttps//www.eps.com

Against the Machiavellian Principles of Politics Essay Example for Free

Against the Machiavellian Principles of Politics Essay consort to Machiavelli, the affairs of the tell reside in the power of the prince. It is the prince which determines, directs, and unifies the comp unitarynts of the state. The prince therefore should exemplify to keep open, strengthen, and protect his position from danger, whether external or internal, without due moral consideration. In short, with the preservation of the state in mind, the prince should act with semipolitical diligence to promote it, regardless of the means.According to Machiavelli, he who considers what ought to be d one and only(a) alternatively what is done will rather find himself in a state of ruin than preservation (Machiavelli, 29). political action free from any moral consideration is base from three assumptions 1) Human nature is becloud and selfish. It is impossible for the prince to satisfy whole the conveys of the mass without injuring the welf ar of others. The people is always eage r to deprave their government, to mock the instruments of the state, and to criticize the actions of the prince, whenever their interests (whether political or economic) are affected.According to Machiavelli, Because this is to be asserted in ordinary of men, that they are ungrateful, fickle, false, cowardly, covetous, and as long as you succeed they are yours entirely they will offer you their blood, property, biography and children, as is said above, when the need is far distant but when it approaches they turn against you (Machiavelli, 29) 2) Morality and religion except limit the actions of the prince. In fact, when fortune fades away, the prince may become unable to defend himself from disconcerting threats.It is therefore important, fit in to Machiavelli, for the prince to guard himself as from a rock and he should endeavour to collection in his actions greatness, courage, gravity, and fortitude and in his private dealings with his subjects let him show that his judgment s are irrevocable, and maintain himself in such reputation that no one stern hope either to deceive him or to get round him (Machiavelli, 32). The prince should endeavour to show himself as the bearer of righteousness, fidelity, and religion, without endangering his own power. This impression is simply used to preserve the power of the state.Only in this way can religion and morality be twisted for the benefit of the prince 3) The success of a prince is never solely dependent on constabulary, morality, or religion. Sometimes, political success is achieved by political deception, alteration of political favors, and in general by arms. It is therefore required for the prince to use these instruments to preserve the instruments of the state. It is this condition that the position of a prince who took the state by arms is much more endangered than that of a prince appointed by the people or the Church.To preserve his power, the prince must take moral considerations and religion as o nly instruments of that purpose. General reexamine In order to provide a more comprehensive criticism against Machiavellian politics, there is a need to draw important propositions from different thinkers and theories. Some of the selected philosophers and loving theorists are as follows St. Thomas Aquinas, Immanuel Kant, Rousseau, and Montesquieu. According to Aquinas, morality and religion are necessary instruments for the governance of the state.In his book De Regnum (On Kinship), Aquinas argued that it is always necessary for the dominion to take the precedents of moral and religious obligations as a means to please Divine justness (Curtis, 431). For Aquinas, the foundation of the state is divine in orientation. It is founded by the grace of the Divine Being (who willed the creation of the state after mans fall). A prince who slights the religion and morality disregards the Creator. Aquinas here does not disregard the necessity of preserving the power of the state. What Aqu inas emphasized is the excesses of unscrupulous rule a condition which would be penalize by God.For Aquinas, a good prince will always be favored by God (and preserve his base of power). Rousseau argued that morality is borne out of the so-called social contract. The people gathered to appoint a ruler who would promote their interests. The ruler has the following obligations 1) to protect the people from threats, 2) to maintain peace and order, 3) to promote solidarity and good governance, and 4) to unloosen power whenever the people chooses a new ruler. A ruler who fails to accomplish these tasks would lose his position.The state, however, would remain entire because the instrument of power resides not in the prince but in the people. According to Rousseau, a prince who put all the instruments of power in his hands is more likely to fall than a prince who measure his authority based on public will. Montesquieu offered a more critical and comprehensive understanding(a) of the pos ition of the prince. According to him, an robustious rebellion of the people is tantamount to political disobedience a violation of the law of the land. This instance applies only if two conditions are met. First, the ruler does not show any violation of the law.And second, the people unlawfully breaks the social contract and sought to depose a good government. In short, according to Montesquieu, there is no need for a ruler to follow the Machiavellian principles because the law is the manifestation of social and moral obligation, the codec of ethics (Curtis, 613). Here, one may infer that the actions of the ruler should be based solely on this criterion. A ruler who follows the law would never fall in disgrace. Using Kants universal moral standards (in his book Prolegomena), one can create a set of moral standards which would be used in judging the actions of a ruler.First, one should determine whether the consequence and intensity of political actions. If a political decision di sfranchises a significant factor of the population, such decision is illegitimate (not morally neutral). Second, one may determine the means by which decisions are carried out. Here, legality is an important factor. Third, one may determine whether the actions of the state are in congruent with sure international standards of morality. Here, an external standard is added in order to ensure the moral efficacy of the state in all levels.The proper enforcement of these external standards is either left to the disposition of international agencies or to the efficacy of treaties. In short, internal political standards of morality are enforced by the state (the people serve as the watch guard of the state). Machiavellian concepts of political deception and moral neutrality have no standing in this type of political set-up. Works Cited Curtis, Michael. The Great Political Theories. New York Avon Books, 1981. Machiavelli, Niccolo. The Prince. Trans. by W. K. Marriott. New York Macmillan make Company, 1995.

The Effects of Stress Among Female Registered Nurses Essay Example for Free

The Effects of tautness Among Fe anthropoid Registered Nurses EssayPrior research has suggested that harbours, regardless of scatplace or culture, argon confronted with a build of proveors. As the worldwide nursing shortage increases, the aged population generates larger, thither is an increase in the relative incidence of chronic illnesses and technology continues to advance, nurses continu altogethery allow for be faced with numerous wrenchplace filter placeors. Thus, nurses need to read how to identify their workplace painsors and to cope nucleusively with these sampleors to attain and maintain both their physical and mental wellness. This phrase describes workplace emphasizeors and coping strategies, comp atomic procedure 18s and contrasts cross-cultural literature on nurses workplace try outors and coping strategies, and delineates a variety of stress management activities that could prove upholdful for contending with stressors in the workplace. (Lambe rt and Lambert 2010, Nurses workplace stressors and coping strategies). In Baguio City, hospital nurses ar not spared from the environmental culprit called stress.They are too pr adept to this even a seated man-to-man mountain easily observe, but stress as they say al itinerarys complete with the work, nurses chose to be of attend to to the sick, and sick people are in the verge of experiencing most of the stresses, well-nigh clips the nurses who rails good apprehension of them are the absorbers to some of these stresses. Possibly yet, stress is also present in the work place when nurses are overworked and ineluctably there are build up tension among themselves ca victimisation now a strained on the agate line(p) kin.According to Betty Neuman, a nurse theorist she said that trying environment causes the speculateity of illnesses and when it becomes severe and unattended it could lead to death. Stress has been categorized as an antecedent or stimulus, as a consequenc e or response, and as an interaction. It has been studied from many varied frame whole works (or perspectives? ). For example, Selye proposed a physiological assessment that supports witnessing the association between stress and illness.Conversely, Lazarus advocated a psychological view in which stress is a crabby relationship between the person and the environment that is appraised by the person as tax or exceeding his or her resources and endangering his or her well-being. Nevertheless, stress has been regarded as an occupational hazard since the mid-1950. In fact, occupational stress has been cited as a epochal health problem. feed stress in nursing was first assessed in 1960 when Menzies identified four sources of anxiety among nurses tolerant criminal maintenance, decision making, taking responsibility, and change.The nurses government agency has long been regarded as stress-filled establish upon the physical labor, gay suffering, work hours, staffing, and interpers onal relationships that are central to the work nurses do. Since the mid-1980s, however, nurses work stress may be escalating due(p) to the increasing use of technology, continuing rises in health care costs, and turbulence within the work environment. (B. M. Jennings, 2010, Work Stress and Burnout among Nurses). The writers opinion with regards to the sudden rise and use of technology in the hospital, these are true and stressful e circumscribedly among older nurses.Some of them tactile sensation intimidated about it since they need to give away how to use computerized gadgets and equipments needed to fasten treatment. Some institutions require knowledge to advance technology in erect to be hired, some they assume all nurses are computer literate, if they are not this becomes a chastisement to their evaluation which later on could serve as terms for their termination a major cushion to the life of a nurse. workplace stress tidy sum be described as the physical and aroused terminuss that pass by when there is disparity between the demands of the job and the amount of control the respective(prenominal) has in impact those demands.Anytime stress occurs, it is an indication that the demands placed upon the person have exceeded the persons personal resources, whether these resources are physical, delirious, economic, social, or spiritual. Thus, workplace stress occurs when the challenges and demands of work become excessive, the pressures of the workplace exceed the workers ability to handle them, and job atonement turns to frustration and exhaustion. (Lambert and Lambert, 2010). Nevertheless, work stress and burnout remain significant concerns in nursing, affecting both individuals and organizations.For the individual nurse, regardless of whether stress is comprehend positively or negatively, the neuroendocrine response yields physiologic reactions that may ultimately contribute to illness. In the health care organization, work stress may contrib ute to lackingeeism and turnover, both of which detract from the quality of care. Hospitals in particular are facing a workforce crisis. The demand for acute care proceedss is increasing simultaneously with ever-changing career expectations among potential health care workers and growing dis blessedness among existing hospital staff.By turn of events toxic work environments into healthy workplaces, researchers and nurse leaders believe that improvements can be realized in recruitment and retention of nurses, job satisfaction for all health care staff, and patient outcomes particularly those tie in patient safety (B. M. Jennings, Chapter26 Work Stress and Burnout among Nurses Role of the Work Environment and Working Conditions). In one article entitled Job Stressors and Coping Mechanisms among Emergency Department Nurses in the Armed Force Hospitals in Taiwan it states that, nurses, as one of the affairal service groups, tend to be exposed to extreme workloads.Their works are ge nerally characterized by having a high contagious potential, being labor-intensive, having an overwhelming job shifting, and experiencing beady-eyed complaints from patients. Compare to new(prenominal) general and professional service jobs, nursing requires handling complicated and dynamic occurrences nether strict time pressures. Studies have generally revealed that continuously excessive workloads tend to lower their job satisfaction and deteriorate in turnover intentions.These contextual difficulties indeed continuously challenge a nurses temper and professional performance. This may be particularly true for nurses in the emergency departments of the AFH. (Wei-Wen Liu, Feng-Chuan Pan, Pei-Chi wen Sen-Ji Chen, Su-Hui-Lin, 2010). In another study entitled Effects of job rotation and role stress among nurses on job satisfaction and organizational commitment, they mentioned that Job rotation inspires nurses to achieve higher performance, allowing continuous growth at work, extended knowledge and skill, and increasing clinic patient care-taking quality.Scholars have all proposed that job rotation may help employees to acquire multiple capabilities and expand vision, and that it can be an approach to reduce job burnout. But emotional pressure often occurs in the work environment where interpersonal interactions are highly necessitated. Especially, the nurses working at hospitals not only implement independent and professional nursing activities in accordance with doctors advice, but take responsibility for any immediate threat to patients lives as well. Thus, the importance of nurses is undeniable, and the influence of urses qualities and capabilities on medical care quality can never be ignored.Therefore, the primary concern of the practical field of medical care is to exhaustively recognize how role stress among nurses could affect their job satisfaction and organizational commitment, and effectively hire the job rotation system to enhance and develop nurse s job satisfaction and organizational commitment, in mold to promote competitive advantages (Wen-Hsien Ho, Ching S. Chang, Ying-Ling Shih and Rong-Da Liang, 2010, Effects of Job Rotation and role stress among nurses on job satisfaction and organizational Commitment).It is the writers point of view that stressful lives among nurses are sometimes not all related to work, some nurses go to work stressed. This possibly due to presence of children, relationships or overworked at groundwork so that when they report for work they are already exhausted and becomes exhausted all the more if there are many patients to attend to. These are also true most especially among women, since they do lots of the work at office attending to school activities of their children and attending to the needs of the whole family, physically, financially, and socially they become vulnerable to stress and illness.Despite all the work stress that the nurses know, there are also some ways that help nurses cop e with stress. To keep them physically, emotionally, and mentally s tabulate if not strong, they divert their attention to activities which they consider relaxing. Nurses learn techniques on how to control their temper when being stressed at work, for some they just endure tensions and exhaustion but once they reached home it is there that they find comfort and peace of mind, but to others, home sometimes adds to more stress, so they prefer staying out like malling.In an article entitled Nurses Workplace stressors and coping strategies it describes strategies to help nurses cope coping can be defined as the constantly changing cognitive and behavioral efforts to manage specific external and/or internal demands that are appraised as taxing or exceeding the resources of the person. Coping activities may be problem-focused in that they are directed externally and involve attempts to manage or change the problem causing the stress.On the other hand, coping activities may be emotion-foc used in that they are internally directed and involve attempts to alleviate emotional distress. Examples of problem-focused coping includes problem-solving activities, recognizing ones role in solving a problem and confronting the situation by using some degree of risk-taking behavior slice emotion-focused coping includes wishful thinking, avoidance of confrontive behavior, and detachment or disengagement from the situation.This study lead use the unifying Transactional Process Model by Beehr and Schuler to guide on the cause of stress among registered Nurses in the workplace. According to the integrated Transactional Process Model by Beehr schulers 1982, it corporate environmental stressors, apprehensions, the stress response and stress outcomes, convinced(p) a host of moderator variables. The environmental stressors pertain to what the registered nurse encounters in his/her workplace perceived as stressful stimuli.The coping apparatuss that registered nurses utilize in com bating the effect of stress to her/himself pertains to the perceptions and the response of a registered nurse to stress. This method homunculus is in accordance with Lazarus conceptualization of stress by focusing on the role of cognitive assessment (individual perception) which also highlights the nature of the (mis) fit between the organism and the environmental demands. The discrepancy between, whether challenges or goals, and the way the person perceives his potential responses to his demands cognitive stress.It is the persons own perception of the stressful event and the appraisal of ones ability to cope that stress. Time (duration of stress) is incorporated through the separation of the immediate perception of stress and longer term response segment of model. The name of the model implies that its relationship is reciprocal, come acrosss across time and/or stressor and integrated diverse areas of theory. This had implied the importance of time in the stress process. That is why the historic period of service and the age of the registered nurse was taken as variables in the scope of the study.Individual and contextual differences such as organizational changes, job qualities personal experiences, and individual needs/values are given central role in the models which are also considered strengths of this model. These qualities correlate to the variables specifically to the ward assignments of these registered nurses and their working relationship among nurse supervisors and other health personnel. Their everyday encounter in the workplace give them the opportunity to gain experience which perchance a nurturing or bad experience that may contribute to the stress of the registered nurse.This model considers the individual and contextual differences among registered nurses which in the study pertaining to their age and gender. The aim of the study is to find out the following effects of stress among registered nurses in the workplace. It specifically aim s to find answers to the questions 1. ) what are the effects of stress among registered nurses in the workplace considering the following a. ) carnal health b. ) Emotional health c. ) Mental health 2. ) Is there a significant difference on the effects of stress among registered nurses considering the following a. Age b) Gender and c. )Years of service in the hospital, 3. ) Is there a significant difference on the effects of stress among registered nurses when assigned to a. ) Emergency ward b. ) Operating Room c. ) functional ward, and lastly, 4) What are the coping mechanisms utilized by registered nurses to overcome stress in the workplace? This study is for the nurses themselves, the outcome of this imparting serve as a guide for them to determine, where thus the highest stress related factor occur in the lives of hospital nurses particularly the female nurses.It bequeath be an eye opener for them in a way that they provide know that simple interaction among other people co uld typify deuce different things it can be negative or positive in effect that could cause stress. To the nursing profession especially in the field of research, this study would serve as a tool to use, as a source of information and guide not only among nurses but to other health practitioners as well, from this output, they can yield flyers or pamphlets entitled what causes stress in the workplace, which would contain vital informations about stress, its causes and effects to ourselves and to the people that surrounds us.Lastly, to the Hospital administrators, this research would serve as a source of information, so that they will become aware, up to what extent does stress do among workers. This could also serve as basis in big rest days among workers when needed. A well rested employee becomes a productive, efficient and favored employee.The study will utilize a questionnaire in the form of a self-assessment checklist that was developed by the researchers based on review of literatures. The first part of the questionnaire is a letter to the respondents that informs them of the purpose of the study to give overflowing disclosure of information. The second part includes the demographic data inclusive of name (which is optional) and workplace of the respondents, followed by the questionnaire proper. This will be answered by the respondents thru checking the correct rating in assessing the Effects of Stress among Registered Nurses in the Workplace.The questionnaire will be subjected by a research expert, Ms. Geraldine D. Delson, M.A.N. She was chosen to validate the questionnaire for the reason that she is an instructor in the SLU- School of Nursing, major in Psychiatry and therefore she is well-knowledgeable on the topic. She will be asked to evaluate the relevance of the items in the questionnaire using a four-point scale, where a sexual conquest of 1 is not relevant, 2 as somewhat relevant, 3 as quite relevant and 4 as very relevant. After rating, all the items with a score of 3 and 4 will be counted and divided by the total number of items in the questionnaire. Her comments and suggestions will be taken into consideration during the alteration of the tool. Reliability of the questionnaire will be subjected to a preliminary item analysis. The questionnaire will be distributed to thirty (30) staff nurses having their duty at the operating room, emergency ward and medical-surgical ward of SLU-Hospital of the religious Heart.After reply, the questionnaires will be collected and will be asked for their comments and feedbacks regarding the questionnaire. Answers in the tool will be checked by the researchers to check for presence of ambiguity. Their comments will be taken into consideration in the revision of the tool before finally floating it. In the data gathering procedure, initially, the researchers will be giving a letter to the Chief Administrator of the Hospital informing her about the purpose of the study and that their several(prenominal) Institution is chosen to be the locale wherein a number of nurses having their duty there will be taken as the respondents. Also, the letter will ask for permission to float questionnaires to the chosen respondents. After disposed(p) the permission, data gathering follows.During the data collection, the researchers will be given different hospital wards based from the selected special wards of SLU-Hospital of the Sacred Heart where they will collect data. In all the special wards chosen, the researchers will introduce themselves to the respondents and will establish rapport. The researchers will also inform the participants of the purpose and nature of the study before consent will be taken. In cases wherein the respondents decline to be part of the study, their decision will be respected.For the respondents who will agree, the researchers will present the checklist and they will give instructions as to how they will answer it. After giving the indispensable ins tructions and reminders, the respondents will be given enough time to answer the questionnaire. The researchers will maintain a distance of 1-2 meters from the respondents while the questionnaires are being answered. To ensure anonymity, names will not be indispensable to be written. The researchers will emphasize that any unanswered item will make their whole answers invalid. To hold such occurrence, the researchers will stay with the respondents and double check on the answers of the questionnaire once it is passed to the researcher.After the respondents finish answering the checklist, the researchers will retrieve it and the researchers gratitude for participation will be declareed. The researchers will assure the respondents that they will be assured of the results of the study. After collecting the checklist, the researchers will check it for any unanswered item. All incompletely filled out questionnaire will be disregarded.The data collected will be collated, tabulated, or ganized and analyzed. Descriptive statistics will be used to describe and summarize the data that will be gathered, making the data readily comprehensible. finished it, the researchers will be able to identify significant differences between the variables of the study. Frequency count and percentage (Sanchez, 1988) will be utilized to measure and compare data such as age, total number of male and female nurse respondents and years of service.For the physical, emotional and mental health effects, as well as the effects on whether they are nurses assigned at the operating room, emergency department or the surgical department, frequency count, and the coping mechanisms utilized, weighted mean and rank will be used. Weighted mean measures the average of the responses (f) in relation to the weight or the rating (r) allotted to the said response. To determine the significant difference on the respondents responses on the effects of stress among registered nurses in the workplace, nurses are grouped based on age and gender, the F-test or analysis of variance (ANOVA) test ( Tan, 1997) will be utilized. A statistical technique designed to whether the elbow room of more than two quantitative populations are equal. The variances are used to test the quality of more than two populations.The effects of stress among registered nurses are categorized according to physical health, mental health and emotional health. The study was conducted among registered nurses of SLU-Hospital of the Sacred Heart regardless of gender, and those who are twenty five years of age and above, assigned at the operating room, emergency and surgical ward. The nurse respondents are also categorized according to their number of years in service After the researchers collected, collated, tabulated and organized the data, results were analyzed. Descriptive statistics were used to describe and summarize the data that were gathered. with it, the researchers were able to identify the significant differe nces between variables of the study. In table one (1), weighted mean and ranking were used, weighted mean measures the average of the responses. Looking at the table, in category one (1) effects of stress among nurses in their physical health, question number one (1) increase in overall sickness absence seizure has the highest mean score of 3.1, while question number three (3) I do not exigency to go to work early garnered the least mean score of 2.4, meaning most of the nurses assigned at the operating room, emergency ward and surgical ward when under physical stress opt to absent from work by filing a sick leave. And only few nurses do not expect to report to work early when under stress.Second category which is the effect of stress in the mental health of nurses, question number eight (8) conflicts arise with colleagues, garnered the highest mean score which is 2.8 while question number six (6) I have ethical problems with my job, garnered the lowest mean of 2.1, while question s 11, 13, 14,15,16,17 and 19 (please refer to table 3) are all ranked as second question with the highest mean score of 2.6 and 2.7 respectively.The highest result kernel that nurses when under stress have this tendency to create tension at work and lots of misunderstandings happen between and among them, which sometimes become evident when they are doing their job then suddenly commit mistakes. so it is good that the lowest mean score is number six, having ethical problems with job, meaning nurses despite stressors and other problems, they pipe down respect each other and remain professional when dealing with it. The third and last category which is effect of stress to nurses in their emotional health, question number twenty five (25) I feel overload at work has the highest mean score which is 2.7, while question numbers twenty seven (27) my relationship with co-workers are poor and twenty eight (28) poor relationship with patients, are the two with the least mean score of 2.2 respectively.The meaning of the highest result which is I feel overloaded at work goes to show that nurses becomes work engine at the hospital, this could be due to under staffing or un equal division of work load. maculation it is a good remark that number 27 and 28 garnered the lowest mean score, because poor relationship with co-workers as well as with patients does not bring out the best in a nurse and in nursing service. In an article entitled Nurses workplace stressors and coping strategies, it defined stress as the physical and emotional outcomes that occur when there is disparity between the demands of the job and the amount of control the individual has in meeting those demands.Table two (2) is the coping mechanisms used by nurses when under stress in the workplace. Weighted mean and ranking are the statistical treatment used to determine the results. Coping mechanism number five (5) I say no to overtime if I do not feel happy to do it garnered the highest mean score of 3. 4, while coping mechanisms numbers two (2) I function regularly and number thirteen (13) I allow myself to feel angry and express this in a safe way have the least mean score of 2.4, meaning nurses are but gentlemans gentleman beings, they feel and they learn to say no when it comes to overtime because of exhaustion.They reach the point when they are totally burn-out. In an article entitled Stress Management, it says that these stressors can lead to the classic burn-out syndrome. Instead of persisting until this happens, nurses can learn more effective coping strategies, become self-aware, acknowledge their own limitations, and acquire emotion-fcused and problem-solving skills (Selye, 1956). While that is the highest result, we come to the lowest which are numbers two and thirteen.Exercising regularly got a low mean score most probably because nurses when they get home from work they are already tired and there is no more time for them to do some exercising. While the latter expre ssing anger the safe way, it got also a low score most probably because it was not clear to the respondents what was meant by safe way to express anger. Safe way can be counting from one to one hundred, inhaling and exhaling until the body feels calm. Or maybe drinking or eating your favorite dish, food can become an outlet of anger these are few ways of safe outlet for anger.

Htc Business Model Essay Example for Free

Htc craft Model EssayExecutive summaryUsing Googles Andriod platform has given HTC a boost, hardly forthwith the Taiwanese handset maker argon vulnerable to underwhelming sales in America and Europe. Their hope? mainland mainland China.HTC solitary(prenominal) entered China in early 2010, much later than its ceremonious peers. It is playing catching up with transnational premium stigmatizes, such as orchard apple tree, Samsung and LG, where HTC is currently aiming to get a slice of the pie. However, the confederacy is also cladding stiff competition from gratuityical anaesthetic shops who operate at the start price mart. In this spheric merchandise proposal, we propose some(prenominal) initiatives for HTC to grow its current 1% tradesh be in the China mobile prognosticate market, including tonic products for HTC to tap into the lower price market as well as place promotion urge ons to deal emerge phones in rural areas.It is time for HTC to sway away from satisfied with being quietly brilliant.Context analysisCompany BackgroundHTC Corporate, founded in 1997, was a relatively obscure Taiwanese original design gainr (ODM). Incorporated as High Technology Computer, HTC focused on manufacturing of computer nonebooks. The company created the mankinds beginning(a) of all scoop size PC in collaboration with Microsoft in 19981 it later dilateed the iPAQ, one of the earliest arranger for Compaq in 2000.HTCs close tie with Microsoft led them to develop XDA2 in 2002, first ever smartphone operated on Windows. The company remained true to ODM principles when it produced smartphones by efficiently catering for carriers specifications and requests. HTCs ODM smartphones continued to generate profit margin as gritty as 20% compared to assiduity average of 5%3. According to Harvard Business Review, HTC shipped more(prenominal) than 70% of the worlds Windows smartphones in 2006 at its peak.HTC won a reputation for excellent smartphones. But it wanted more, and began to invest more in innovation before eventually creating its knowledge instigator in 2007. HTC set up a unit of measurement called Magic research labs4, where engineers from various disciplines coif up with lots of ideas, even if most were quickly discarded. From this unit bred several ground breaking ideas, including HTC touch, a touch screen doojigger that appeared few weeks before Apples first iPhone and first ever Android phone in collaboration with Google.Reaping from the Androids tall penetration rate, the company experienced strange growth from 2008 onwards and became the top seller of smartphones in America in 3Q of 2011, according to Canalys Research. HTC has recently eclipsed Nokia in market capacity and has climbed up to the no.3 spot for smartphones sold worldwide, behind Apple and Samsung. In terms of brand equity, the company has invested heavily in developing its cause brand and broke into Interbrands top 100 Brands 20115 (no. 98) .China Macro-environmental FactorsPoliticsChina remained a single party directed country since the founding of populates Republic of China in October 1949. Putting political ideologies differences aside, efficient decision-making is widely seen as a characteristic of Chinas political system. The indistinct changes that sop up taken place in various fields of this nation from Deng Xiapings Special Economic partition off in the 80s to the economic leaps in the turn of the century.Inefficiencies in the political system such as depravation still exist today, but Chinas communist party has taken bold steps for reform. The party has embraced market socialist economy to lead China out of poverty and soar to one of the most correctly nations in the world.Economic contempt China has mounted new heights in her economy, outshining Japan as the guerrilla largest economy in the world, the slowdown in economic growth has non abated. The housing lucubrate in the past decade is now over, implying that growth now weigh on heavy industry and local anesthetic consumption. In the past, China has offered massive infrastructure stimulus, as it did to prop up growth hobby SARS and the global financial crisis. However, local governments have learned non to overheat the economy, as certify by the late 2011 credit crunch in Wenzhou6. Central government is expecting a moderate gross domestic product growth of 6%, but China is due for correction in its property and possibly personal line of credit market.SocialChinas Communist Party maintained its strong foothold in the nation, as the country enjoyed a period of unprecedented prosperity in the past decade. As Chinas economy take flight, the number of local billionaires and millionaires grew by leaps and bounds. The wealth gap, at the same time, widened drastically. As a consequence, there have been several localized pro-democracy movements since 2011. Termed Jasmine revolution, citizens used social network site such as mic roblogs to organize public protests demanding fairness, housing and regimen social issues that are often overlooked during economic boom. Such unrests were quickly put to rest as Beijing aims to mitigate any form of dissidents since learning the hard slightons from Tiananmen protests in 1989. Other than localized protests and periodic controversy in human rights, Chinas social order have been maintained.TechnologyChina has sparked its technological boom since it gained accession to the world trade organization in 2001. Internally, China has positive a matured net market which now boost one of the largest internet users in the world. In mobile phones, the market attest a dynamic growth due to the rapid development of mobile subscriptions and growing third-generation (3G) networks.China Smartphone market placeIndustry analysisAfter Chinas telecommunications operators acquired 3G licenses, they formed several strategic alliances with mobile phone brands. For example, China Unico m has established alliances with Apples iPhone and Lenovos LePhone, whilst Motorola and HTC and strategic partners with China Telecom.Customer analysisAccording to government statistics in 2012, China has become to first country to top 1 billionThe cell phone users, a soar from 2010s 787 million users. The number of users is analogous to 74% of Chinas population. That being express, only 14% of users are 3G users. Mobile phones are seen as a necessity, as guests regularly use phones for texting and micro-blogging.Competitor analysisMobile phones are relatively consolidated in China, with the top louver brands deriving nearly 72% of total retail account book stales in 20107. Top five brands are Nokia (34.2%) , Samsung (18.1%), LG (6.8%), ZTE (6.3%) and Huawei (6.3%). Apple (1.4%) and HTC (0.7%) are late boomers in the market, with both companies having entered China in 2009 and 2010 respectively.According to market research by Canalys8, international brands such as Samsung, Appl e and HTC should continue to dominate in the pose above RMB2,500 (US$400). Leading local stratum-one brands, such as Huawei and ZTE, are diversifying beyond the entry level by launching a number of high-profile, flagship smart phones. As of late, Lenovo has made efforts to penetrate the low cost, rural market by introducing models starting from RMB700 (US$158).Company AnalysisHTC in ChinaHTC only entered China in 2009 and set-aside(p) a market share below 1% as of figures in 2010. Its schema is to challenge Samsung and Apple as the biggest smartphone players in Mainland, but it also faces stiff competition from local brands such as Tianyu and ZTEDespite its geographic proximity in Taiwan, HTC started off late in China than in richer parts of the world largely because the countrys 3G structure was not as matured in 2009 as today.Targeting PositioningHTCs mission story is to become the leading modernistic supplier of mobile information and communication devices by providing val ue-added design, world partitioning manufacturing and logistic and service capabilities. Whilst this may have been a successful formula over the past 10 years in geographic location, HTC is in danger of falling behind competitors in China.HTC currently has 10% of the market for smartphones costing more than RMB2,000 (US$320). Its strategy is to target those high-end customers who utilizes 3G network and appreciates international brand. As if HTCs Magic Lab works tirelessly to come up with numerous innovative products, HTC currently adopts a similar volume approach in its phones. HTC regularly pushes forward phones in the market. In 2011, when Apple had launched one new iPhone, HTC introduced cardinal new models.HTCs ChallengeAfter a meteoric rise which placed it briefly atop the U.S. smartphone sales charts, HTC gross as a whole in the first two months of 2012 was a staggering 45% down on last year. HTC has run afoul of punitive legal juggernaut Apple, which delayed the approacha bility of HTCs handsets. Determined to avoid the fate looming over troubled rivals like Research in Motion, HTC saw a big revitalization push in China, championed by several flagship phones such as HTC star X and Evo 4G Lite. Sales in Europe have been dropping but HTC saw better than expected revenue in China.The rise of HTC in China despite its late entry could be partially attributed to their innovational operate systems with Android and excellent hardware, such as dual core processing units and friendly features where the phone rings louder when in a bag. But with competitors catching up hardware specifications overnight these days, apprize HTC sustain its China growth?The challenge of HTC faces is not neither simply in hardware nor software. HTC needs to fabricate a marketing and branding strategy for China, as to fend off the fierce challenge by international brands (Apple, Samsung) and local players.Proposed Marketing CampaignFor the proposed marketing campaign, we propo se a bi-polar approach to target living high-end customers of HTCs and also tap into the base customers specturum, an area HTC has not entered so far.High-end customersHTC is currently focusing on high-end customers who are tech savvy, able and willing to pay for premium mobile phones. These high-end customers are currently up and access professionals, live a fast moving lifestyle and mostly reside or work in first or second tier cities, such as Beijing, Shanghai and Xi Chuan. All of these customers have subscribed or are going to subscribe 3G network, in order to make the most of out HTCs smartphones.In addition to product timber and operating system, high-end customers nowadays also care about brand reputation and image. The proposed marketing campaign for HTCs high-end customers is therefore to enrich the brand experience and differentiate HTCs personality.Basic customersAs mentioned earlier, 3G users accounts to less than 20% of Chinas mobile phones market. According to mark et analysis, local players, best represented by ZTE and Huawei, are more popular amongst price sensitive mass and lower-end customers. These rudimentary customers reside in third tier cities or rural areas, demand base functions for their phones and also aspires to own a smartphone one day.ProductDesigners collaborations are nothing new. Indeed, they are now a well-established marketing tool as well as stem of income. Standard Hotel Group in America has joined forces with the likes of surfwear brand Quiksilver to provide exclusive trunks and bikinis that guests can purchase in the groups resorts. HM, the Swedish fashion behemoth, took rise later asking Karl Lagerfeld, designer for Chanel and owner of Fendi, to come up with a special collection back in 2004.For mobile phones,it is no different story. brim collaborated with Porsche design and launched a high-end imposing blackberry in 2011. LG and Prada started working together in 20069 and continued to commit fashionistas for their crossover phones.For high-end customers, HTC should leverage connection with a renowned brand within the Chinese community and produce collaborate products. Nike would deem to be an appropriate choice, given the brand is held in high regards among Chinese and its innovative brand image aligns with that of HTCs. Nevertheless, Nike has strong connection with Apple as Nike currently produces Nike+ a tracking device that connects an athletes performance data with iPhones, iPods etc.If there is a brand for up-and-coming professionals which matches HTCs pricing and targeting strategy, Adidas would be a great fit. Rather than choosing a luxury brand such as LVMH or Gucci, a union with Adidas could not only appeal to the sports lovers, but also be perceived as socially acceptable. Partnering with luxurious reliables might risk further alienation as the wealth gap widens in China.Adidas is actively put on its mi adidas platform that rivals Nike+. The sports company enjoys a profo und reputation in China after sponsoring Team China in Beijing Olympics, and its innovative roots in products and designs could enrich the HTC brand experience.For basic customers, HTC could build 2G or even very basic 3G phones to attract the mass. With much reduced functionality and a lower price point, HTC could attract the 80% users who have not yet subscribe to 3G network. While the simpler handsets should have less fancy functions, embodying the HTC names mean that that the phones should still be innovative. HTC could be more localize with these phones by having local functions such as Chinese keyboard and improved durability that adapts to environment in rural areas. Perhaps basic phones could have a brighter screen for users to view the screen easily in open rural areas, or made in anti-sand materials as desertification is common in northwest China.Aside from hardware reengineering, HTC needs to plan its software capabilities. HTC is relatively weak in content when compared to rivals such as Apple. It has no plans to launch its own app store, preferring instead to reply on Android marketplace and its apps. HTC acquired French content provider Abaxia in June 201010 to develop innovative apps for its devices. Recently, it has installed digital map apps in HTC Sense interface. Currently, there is a market gap in smartphone manufacturer originated apps in China. Almost all of the apps available on Android/iPhone system are developed by individual software company. HTC could potentially develop operating system with apps linked to popular Chinese social media sites, such as QQ and Sinas Microblog.PriceHTC should continue to target upper tier price points for its high end customers. Its currently price point closely resembles Apples and Samsungs, averaging virtually RMB2,500 (US$400). The high price setting strategy further illustrates HTCs ambition to compete with the international brands but the company could consider undercutting its price by a fraction , say less than 10%, than the leaders so as to gain stronger market share. Price decline should not be advertised aggressively, as it might signal a loss in quality.For products in the lower end market, HTC should try to be a price leader in the arena. Lenovo markets its cheaper line of phones around RMB700, and HTC should try to undercut Lenovo. It is important to capture the basic customers first, with the hope that HTC could persuade basic users to switch to more expensive phones over time.PlaceAccording to Economists, HTC now as 2,300 authorized retailers in China. Apple has 3,500 not withstanding its flagship Apple store and website while Nokia and Samsung have 9,000 each. HTC could open more shops by granting authorized retailers license, but it is easier said than done as brands jostle retailers for shelf spaces.Rather than investing heavily in opening its own shop, HTC could form a strategic partnership with popular online shop Taobao or Alibaba to reach customers in the second or third tier cities to compliment its e-shop. Further place promotion could been referred in HTC ambassador campaign in People section.In first tier cities, HTC could theoretically leverage on Adidass store straw man and distribution network. Nonetheless, HTC should adopt a selective approach by opening flagship store that can illustrates its customer experience.PromotionIn HTCs incumbent global marketing campaign, the company slogan is quietly brilliant. HTC commercial messages do not focus on the precise functionality of their handsets but the way people use them. The concept itself is intuitive, but the campaign is not as much advertised in China as other places the slogan does not even has a Chinese translation. As a result, HTCs promotion in China is product focused. HTC One X advertisements were filmed where a photographer takes pictures with HTC phone while skydiving stressing the superior camera quality of the handset.To revamp the promotion campaign, HTC should first come up with a better slogan for China or even for its global campaign. Stressing on the way people interact with HTC cell phones is a good idea, but conceptually the slogan could be more straight forward Nokias connecting people or LGs life is good are good examples.For China specifically, HTC needs to build on build on enriching users experience. Yan Siqing, chief operating officer of China Telecom said HTC grew rapidly despite its late start because it provided a good user experience. Nationwide promotion campaign should focuses on how HTC helps people to capture their moments in life. Whether is at work, in sporting moments or vacation, a user-friendly HTC handset is always there to make things happen.PeopleSimliar to Unilevers Shakti Revolution to help women in rural India to become entrepreneurs11, HTC could foster partnership with non governmental organisations, banks and local counties, to foster handsets at rural areas through employing HTC ambassadors. Ambassadors are underpriviledged residents in country sides and they are invited to become direct-to-consumer sales distributors for HTCs basic handsets for second or third tier cities. Contrary to normal mom-and-pop shops, HTC should provide training in selling, commercial knowledge and bookkeeping to help ambassadors become micro-entrepreneurs. This proposal could not only expand HTCs reach in the lower tier markets, but also been seen as a socially responsible act of goodwill.1Kim R. Yoffie D., HTC Corp. in 1999, 8th Dec 2009, Harvard Business Review 2Sourced online http//xda.o2.co.uk/3Kim R. Yoffie D., HTC Corp. in 1999, 8th Dec 2009, Harvard Business Review 4HTC The brand from no where The Economist, 7th Apr 2012, sourced online from 5http//www.interbrand.com/en/best-global-brands/best-global-brands-2008/best-global-brands-2011.aspx 6Wolfe A, Gurushina N Gassambe I, China Outlook The Tao of Hard Landing, 28 May 2012, Roubini Global Economics Report 7Mobile Phones in China, Category Brie fing, 19 Sep 2011 Passport GMID 8http//www.digitimes.com/news/a20120619PR203.html9http//www.gizmag.com/lg-prada-collaborative-phone/20862/ 10http//www.ubergizmo.com/2010/06/htc-acquires-abaxia-to-strengthen-its-software-capabilities/ 11http//www.unilever.com.au/sustainability/casestudies/economic-development/creating-rural-entrepreneurs.aspx

An Exploration Into 14 Bauhaus Books by Lazlo Moholy-Nagy in Relation to Visual Culture Essay Example for Free

An Exploration Into 14 Bauhaus Books by Lazlo Moholy-Nagy in Relation to Visual Culture EssayWhen analysing the 14 bauhaus books by Lazlo Moholy-Nagy (see find 1) in copulation to its historical context, at least 5 components have to be considered. These are the image itself the movement it is instigate of the artist, Lazlo Moholy-Nagy, that made it the bauhaus- the institute it was produced for and where the artist taught and how these personas have changed or influenced modern times. My argument is that all of these fail components, the of import being the movement of Modernism, made life better for the external populations that welcomed it, through and through the universal procession that modernness once promised. 4 Bauhaus Books is not a pretty image.The dirty red mixed with the rugged texture of the metal type is not pleasing to the eye for any viewer. But then once again it is not meant to be pleasing, the image is a brochure cover, nothing more. Although by to days standards it is crude in design, mistily relating to the brochure that it covers, which does go into detail approximately some new typographical forms, it was rather advanced for 1929 as it was a Modernist piece rejecting decoration. No longer focussing on decoration produced a new delivery of design that could be understood by everyone, including workers in modern industry.Moholy-Nagy followed his own teachings on typography fully, stating that garner should never be squeezed into an arbitrary shape like a square. A new typographic talking to moldiness be composed combining elasticity, motley and a fresh approach to the materials of printing. (Naylor, 1968, p. 127) This approach to communication through printed material can still be seen today, particularly in adverts which have a very myopic amount of time to impact on and communicate to an audience.A stand-out type couplight-emitting diode with a few witty lines has found itself at the centre of most printed adverti sements today (see routine 2), which, it could be argued, can specter its heritage back to the modernists ideas of simplicity. We are all now accustomed to this, only if back in the first 1900s it was met with fierce oppo tantaliseion and, although new aesthetics were being created, official designers and architects preferred to follow the word of Ruskin who state We want no new architecture The forms of architecture already known to us are slap-up enough for us, and far better than any us (Naylor, 1968, p. ) This narrow-minded approach to design held back boost and kept Europes standard of living the same, which, peculiarly for the working classes, was unacceptable.From this, modernism rejected the historical styles originally it, such as the Enlightenment phase, that focussed on decoration and perceived that greatness lay in the reconstruction of the past. Instead modern designers, in the smoke of the Industrial Revolution, created a new style the International modal v alue. The International Style had called for change and the change was to blur the class distinctions.The millions of sign-owners painted their walls beige (Greenhalgh, 1990, p52) in an attempt to check out in with this style. This shoddy method of interior design, using hardwood for fittings and mass produced light fittings made the International Style available and popular. Modernism created objects that procedureed with little or no decoration. These objects were mass produced,widely available and more importantly cheap to purchase. For example the Tefal kettle (see elaborate 3) which has only the water gauge projecting out of a discolour block for decoration.This simplistic approach to design was, in the eyes of the modernists, an enhancement of purity. The same could be verbalise for 14 books. That its simplicity is its decoration and that the text is the object needed for its design purpose. Something functional yet visually satisfying. Modernist designers used the tech nique of abstraction in their work to help convey a visual class and to combine the three areas they believed to be true design. This was architecture, piece of furniture and graphic design.Abstraction meant that modernists could use ideas found in a particular make or a colour palette from a painting to create solid habitable homes or items for these homes. A strong known example for this is from the painting of Mondrian composition in red and blue (see figure 4). This was abstracted by the designer Rietveld to create a home (see figure 5) and a chair (see figure 6). Both of which the user had to engage with, as the world had gained a passive voice modus vivendi the chair was designed for better seated posture and the home bragged fold out compartments, tables and beds so that living was a conscious(p) decision.Unfortunately the chair was not mass produced and only a figure of speech as there was not enough interest in it, as it was not comfortable to sit in (retrieved on January 10, 2011, from www. contemporarypractice. wordpress. com). This abstraction was seen as a rational use of design, using one effectual item aesthetics to create another and was used by most modernist designers. The downside to this would be that everything lacked spontaneity. Supposedly a unique series of furniture could look like another, but modernists did not mind this, as they valued everyone to be equal.The Bauhaus, of course, was the school of modernist design in Europe. It symbolised new technologies and ideas for teaching. Even the building (see figure 7) was a modernist piece. The building had no decoration except for the glass sheets that covered it, which itself was a relatively new item, having been invented in 1832. field glass sheeting, ironically, was used in the crystal palace, which was a celebration of the aristocracies achievements, the opposite message of modernists to reate a new hostel of craftsmen, without the class distinctions which raise an arro gant barrier between craftsman and artist. (Naylor, 1968, p. 9) This quest for the compounding of form and function is, in my opinion, found in Josef Hartwigs 1924 chess castigate that has, instead of the traditional figures, pieces that consist of geometric shapes (see figure 8). The design of each piece shows how it moves- for example the 2 diagonal lines that make the bishops cross show that it is strained to diagonal movement.The negative side of this simplicity was a lack of emotion in all creations, as well as an impersonal approach to design. These made the masses feel common, which did not sit well with the elite of the time, who were used to the decorative forms of the Romantics that preceded them. This was, in many ways the enemy of the Bauhaus, referred to as that strange decorative disease(Naylor, 1968, p. 14). Simplicity was key for the Bauhaus and 14 Bauhaus Books was no exception. Understated colours and the photograph used for the main image how this.The type it self is clear and typical of the Bauhaus. Lazlo Moholy-Nagy taught at this revered school and stressed that Typography must be clear communication in its most vivid form. Clarity must be especially stressed, for clarity is the essence of modern printing. (Naylor, 1968, p. 127)Clarity is indeed expressed in 14 Bauhaus Books, where no complex symbolisms or congested space occurs. Lazlo Moholy-Nagys views on teaching was as radical as his rules. He sought to disengage the preliminary course he took over in 1923 of emotion.He saw the soul as part of the body and not in control of it. This wasnt welcomed by some of his colleagues and students, who described his arrival as a pike in a pond full of goldfish (Whitford, 1984, p. 128). Moholy-Nagy differed from his predecessor in every way. He wore a pair of overalls and nickel-rimmed glasses, emulating an industrial worker , whereas the former teacher, Itten, dressed more like a monk, with a perfectly shaved head creating an aura of spiri tuality and communion with the transcendal (Whitford, 1984, p. 23) mirroring the enlightenment movement that modernism rejected. Moholy-Nagy was to vagabond out everything irrational in his course. Instead he focussed on teaching techniques and a wider variety of media, stating that anyone who knew nothing about photography was a kind of visual illiterate, and that an artist who restricted himself to any exclusive media should not be taken seriously. This can be seen in 14 Bauhaus Books, where a variety of media is used. The combination of photography, graphics and type give the design a very individual feel.For although Moholy-Nagy insisted he used no emotion, one cant help but feel a personal aspect behind this cover, a contradiction to his own rule. Moholy-Nagys link with industry spilled over to an infatuation with the machine. The machine to him was the invention of the century, replacing the inscrutable spiritualism of past eras. He saw it as the way to gain equality for the masses. Stating that Everyone is equal before the machine There is no tradition in technology, no class-consciousness.Everyone can be the machines master or its slave. (Whitford, 1984, p. 128) Using the machine as a figurehead, Moholy-Nagy, along with other modernists and constructivists bettered the world. The change brought about by modernism was huge. As the movement grew in popularity all classes changed their way of living. They were boxed in with hardwood fittings and lived in a functional, conscious home. These homes would later be criticised for being to small and impersonal, but at the time they were considered the modern home.It wasnt just the home that was improved through modernism. Factories over Europe America and Asia used more and more machinery, quickly disruptive out more products in a day than a craftsman, what had come before, could produce in months. This led to more jobs, fewer costs and a better standard of life for everyone. Though this also was met by criticism that the worker had become non-human, an appendage to the machine (Greenhalgh, 1990, p. 54). The fact that people worked 10-12 hour shifts to maintain their lifestyle did not sit well.Marxists stated that industrial work meant that Man is alienated from other men. (Greenhalgh, 1990, p. 54) It could be argued that the limitations and ideas set in place for this simple graphic design, which is rather crude by todays standards, has helped the international masses. The change that came about because of the movement of modernism, along with Moholy-Nagys approach to design and the new tuition in the Bauhaus of a generation of architects, furniture designers and graphic designers has helped to shape the world of today.Modernist buildings fill todays cities, from huge skyscrapers consisting of tons of glass, such as the Seagram Building, New York (see figure 9), to mass housing, that was and is cheap, yet functional. This International Style that 14 Bauhaus Books boasts to belong to a collection millions of posters , magazine covers, and furniture designs. Always with its main aim to better daily life through technology, for not the product the but man is the end in view (Naylor, 1968,p. 156).

Evolution of white women in society Essay Example for Free

Evolution of white women in confederation EssayDuring the colonial chronology of the United States, many a historian pictured women as better set than their much recent contemporaries (Mary Beth Norton, 1984). The value of women in the colonies was premised on the survival mode of the colonists during that time (Norton, 1984). To survive, two male and female were expected to pull their own weight in the community for the common respectable of the community (Norton, 1984). Due to this situation, the common lines of separation on the types of women from the men were blurred greatly (Norton, 1984). As such, women in the colonies could engage in the activities that were also done by the men folk in the community (Norton, 1984). only when what gave women a distinct advantage was that they could produce offspring, a very large contribution to the survival of the colonies (Norton, 1984). Also, the park Law as it was applied in England was not fully complied with in the colonies (Norton, 1984). Hence, women were able to contribute more fully in the life of the colonies (Norton, 1984).To twenty-four hourss society bears little distinction in the role of women in the colonies. At face, women ar doing many of the duties and employment that men have usually been pictured. Women trick do what the men are doing to be able to cope with the increasing costs of living in the present economy of many countries. Most are successful in many of traditional endeavors of man. Sadly, there are opponents from both sides, one saying that women must be confined to their traditional station, while another seeks greater power for the women.What lies in the crux of the issue is the issue of equality for both sexes. We must treat women as vital instruments to the growth of a society, not only as objects to look and admire at. That aim can be achieved in terms of affording greater avenues for women to make that contribution, not locking them away from them. In this day and age, all hands count in the survival of a community.ReferenceNorton, M. B. (1984). The evolution of white womens experience in early America. The American Historical Review, Volume 89, pp. 539-619