Friendship Essay -- Friendship Essay

A accomplice is defined as a person whom one knows, likes, and trusts. This type of a relation is friendship. In every society in the world people have and follow this relationship and support it. In some societies this relationship is given more importance than others. In our society friends are given almost the same attention as ones family member. Family is the closest relationship a person has, and if that is disturbed a friend can be very helpful. For me my friends are a part of my family. I trust my true friends as much as I just my wardrobe family member. A true friend would do anything to save your life. I have experienced this fact when I was 13 years old. My family and I were in Bahamas for our summertime vacations along with our very old family friends from Canada. This family used to live in Pakistan but later on settled in Canada. Their youngest son Hassan, and I had been together since we two were born. Our familys had made our relationship so strong that we were mo re like brothers than friends. I had always trusted him because he was the only one of my age whom I used to associate with quiet often. That particular summer I had met him after two years and we were both extremely excited to see a drastic change in our personalities.Even though our personalities differed from one another we realized that our friend has had no effect. We got along the same way we used to when me were not shape up enough. While si...

Chaucers The Wife of Bath :: Chaucer Wife Bath Essays

Chaucers The Wife of BathChaucers character, the Wife of Bath, grabs the readers attention immediately as she sets the stage for giving an account of her beliefs on honor and life Housbondes at chirche dore I bring forth had five. Because of her blunt honesty at the very beginning of her Prologue, the reader senses that the Wife of Bath feels no shame and carries no regrets about her many marriages. This is confirmed when the Wife proclaims, Of whiche I have piked out the beste. She displays two attitudes throughout the piece living life to the fullest and loving to scold about her past. We see this first attitude as the Wife looks back on her life and says, But Lord Crist, whan that it remembreth me / Upon my youthe and on my jolitee, / It tikleth me aboute myn herte roote / Unto this day it dooth myn herte boote / That I have had my world as in my time.The Wife expresses joy over the life she has lived and seems completely satisfied with all that took place. Much of the h istory she entrusts to her fellow pilgrims details her intimate drive. Her versed appetite represents her great desire for vivid living. The Wife is not bitter about any of her marriages. Even when the husbands seemed bothered by the fact that she acted wish the man in the relationships in that she was demanding, controlling and sexually dominant, she did not mind. She actually reveled in the fact that she had complete control in four of her five marriages. This sexual appetite parallels her attitude of enjoyment and pleasure in life. Instead of feeling shameful about her overactive sex drive, she simply said, God bade us for to wexe and mulitplye. She does not feel disgraced by her actions instead, she sees herself as simply following Gods orders. Additionally, she feels that her sexual appetite is sanctioned by God because, He saide that to be wedded is no sinne / Bet is to be wedded than to brinne. Because she is married, she is allowed to pursue her desires to their full force and feel no shame because she is not burning with a forbidden passion for a man that is not her husband. The second attitude expressed is that of a love for gossiping about herself.

Time and Cost Estimating Techniques Essays -- Project Management Obser

Time and Cost Estimating TechniquesEstimating work times provides several benefits for the regurgitatemanager. It gives an idea of the level of effort required to completea make. This information then enables the project manager toproduce a realistic plan based upon that effort. Estimating also helpsthe project manager anticipate the budget for the project.There ar many formal techniques available to estimate time and costfor activities. Please refer to the count on steering ReferenceSection for more details on these techniques. Anyone reviewing theseestimates should understand that they are approximations, notaccuracies.Although the formal techniques are very specific, most of them havethe following tasks in common* Break activities down into small pieces for easier and more accurate estimation. (WBS)* Review historical information and compare to current activities.* Include a contingency buffer store for potential risks.* Solicit advice from others that have previously compl eted similar activities.* Identify and document the assumptions and parameters used to derive the estimates.Microsoft find outMicrosoft Project is project management package. Project managementsoftware assists project managers by providing a means for organizingproject information. A project manager uses the software to enter andmaintain a workplan that organizes activities and details. Thesoftware calculates the scheduled dates for tasks based on the time orwork requirements of each task using a calendar of working days forthe project and its resources.Microsoft Project is a tool to assist project managers in creating aWBS, PERT Charts, Gantt Charts, and resource histograms. Other reportsand charts are also readily available for use and customization. AISproject team members and managers should use the latest version.PERT/CPMNetwork analysis techniques identify early and late start and finishdates for the uncompleted portions of project activities. The Program rating and Revie w Technique (PERT) and the Critical Path Method(CPM) are examples of network analysis techniques.The Program Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT) is anevent-oriented technique used to suggest all the project tasks,dependencies, and earliest and latest start times for each task ingraphical form. It is used... ...y are achieving the task goals. Thistype of observation crumb also be useful if aspects of team performanceare being investigated to understand how the team members areorganised and perform their tasks.Communication and conversational analysisInvestigation of the patterns in the organisation of peoplesinteraction (it would be possible to use the principle of analysing aconversation between two travelers, or one traveller and onetransport enquiry office operator in real situations, in order toidentify the needs for the traveller in specific contexts, what arethe difficulties encountered, how a system could resolve thesedifficulties,... ). One of these methods is the lang uage / actionapproach which considers the language as a means by which people act.Advantage of this method it provides a complete and logicalconceptual frame in order to investigate all kinds of conversation.Disadvantage of this method many situations are characterised by sagacious communication processes not taken into account by the model.There is also a difficulty in labelling an interaction and a messageespecially if they do not fit into the request or promise categories.

Always Hope :: College Admissions Essays

Always Hope Without hope, we have nothing. I have learned this precious lesson in dealing with my Mother and Cancer. My Mother passed over on June 4th of this year. Barely three months ago, and yet I still cant believe she is gone. Mom was given up two weeks to live after finding out that she had Breast Cancer that had gone too far and was throughout her body. It is a miracle that she lived for 28 months and we thank matinee idol for each day. Mom faced death with courage, strength and never gave up hope for a miracle. Her Drs were amazed each magazine they saw her, which was on a monthly basis. You couldnt look at her and see a thing wrong with her. She looked strong and robust, outgoing and if she didnt like something she would let you know. But she always had faith that when her time came she would go to meet her Maker and be reunited with her parents and members of the family that had already passed over. Mom had dreams throughout those 28 months of seeing my Grandmother. Spea king with her, in her dreams. And one thing that Nana always told her was to never give up her faith and hope. That without hope we have nothing. I believe that Nana was preparing her for her return to the Lord and to Nana. As I stated before, Mom passed over in June. It was the hardest time in my life. But the decisions that I made, where made in the hope that I was doing the right thing.

Essay --

Hypnosis Hypnosis is like guided daydreaming, a descriptor of relaxed concentration. What is relaxed is first, the body and second, the conscious part of the mind. Hypnosis can be helpful at whatever age. Getting a good nights respite, or conquering a phobia, are just two of the benefits you can bring to yourself with hypnosis, whereas other benefits include controlling pain, relations with disease, positive idea about illness or serous diseases, reduction of medications, getting a good nights sleep, overcoming guilt, resisting disturbing memories, improving relationships with family members and those nearly you are some of the benefits and positive uses of Hypnosis. Hypnosis has also been defined as a form of conditioning. A person learns, through direct experience or the media, how to transmit hypnotized. Another way to see hypnosis as something learned is to assert that a person becomes conditioned to a word stimulus such as Relax. erstwhile having allowed himself to rela x, the client is thereafter conditioned to repeat the experience of relaxing upon hearing the stimulus-word. Yet another definition of hypnosis, one that has wide support among researchers, is that it is a form of dissociation. That is, that in some as yet unexplained way, the mental functioning of a person is compartmentalized and one part can be detached from the others. The art and science of hypnosis is at once both old and new. Old, because it was used in ancient times and has a pedigree that stretches back to the beginning of universes conscious development. New, because only over the past 100 years has it been subject to the full force of scientific scrutiny, after the discovery (re-discovery) that the unconscious mind, emotions and face-to-face history directly affect ... ... 75-year-old who had no trouble sleeping at night but who found he could no longer enjoy his afternoon nap. At the root of his difficulty in letting himself sleep in the afternoons was a fear that he might never awaken. This was easily dealt with by providing Harold with an audiotape that honk him into a pleasant state of hypnosis, with positive suggestions about enjoying a deep, refreshing sleep and awakening at the time he chose. Now Harold drifts off to sleep whenever he wants. Hypnotherapy is very effective in helping a senior who, many years ago, suffered sexual or other abuse. Even when the trauma has caused you decades of mourning you can free yourself from its suffocating aftermath. This is done with the remarkable ability of hypnosis to, in a sense, rewrite your history. So you know the event happened, but you are no longer tormented by it. Bibliography

Essay --

Hypnosis Hypnosis is like guided daydreaming, a body-build of relaxed concentration. What is relaxed is first, the body and second, the conscious part of the mind. Hypnosis can be helpful at every age. Getting a good nights peacefulness, or conquering a phobia, are just two of the benefits you can bring to yourself with hypnosis, whereas other benefits include controlling pain, traffic with disease, positive idea about illness or serous diseases, reduction of medications, getting a good nights sleep, overcoming guilt, resisting disturbing memories, improving relationships with family members and those almost you are some of the benefits and positive uses of Hypnosis. Hypnosis has also been defined as a form of conditioning. A person learns, through direct experience or the media, how to exile hypnotized. Another way to see hypnosis as something learned is to assert that a person becomes conditioned to a word stimulus such as Relax. once having allowed himself to relax, the cl ient is thereafter conditioned to repeat the experience of relaxing upon hearing the stimulus-word. Yet another definition of hypnosis, one that has wide support among researchers, is that it is a form of dissociation. That is, that in some as yet unexplained way, the mental functioning of a person is compartmentalized and one part can be unaffectionate from the others. The art and science of hypnosis is at once both old and new. Old, because it was used in ancient times and has a pedigree that stretches back to the beginning of macrocosms conscious development. New, because only over the past 100 years has it been subject to the full force of scientific scrutiny, after the discovery (re-discovery) that the unconscious mind, emotions and in-person history directly affect ... ... 75-year-old who had no trouble sleeping at night but who found he could no longer enjoy his afternoon nap. At the root of his difficulty in letting himself sleep in the afternoons was a fear that he m ight never awaken. This was easily dealt with by providing Harold with an audiotape that depute him into a pleasant state of hypnosis, with positive suggestions about enjoying a deep, refreshing sleep and awakening at the time he chose. Now Harold drifts off to sleep whenever he wants. Hypnotherapy is very effective in helping a senior who, many years ago, suffered sexual or other abuse. Even when the trauma has caused you decades of straiten you can free yourself from its suffocating aftermath. This is done with the remarkable ability of hypnosis to, in a sense, rewrite your history. So you know the event happened, but you are no longer tormented by it. Bibliography

Henry David Thoreau Final

henry David Thoreau uses contradictory stones throw in both The e Moon and Indeed Indeed I Cannot Tell to convey that fare will always master hate Furthermore, Henry David Thoreau use of contrast in tone portrays that d ring a time of secrecy, s rout outdals, and mischievous actions, discern will always neglect the dreads LU moments in life. The Moon is a dramatic poem approximately a gay that expresses his amorous feelings towards a wo patch. The man has many problems in his life and the woman does not bring g any luck, precisely her light gives him hope.Hope that even though he is going by dint of many memo nuts of secrecy, s toilettedals, and mischievous moments that everything will eventually get better . Henry David Thoreau does this by soulifying the moon as a lady and display that his 10 eve for her helps him see all his bulky abundant problems seem small and limited. His esteem for the moon, lady, helps him realize that life is valu fitting and that theres no rea son to nauseate the life he I ivies.Moreover, Henry David Thoreau talks about how the moon, lady, does not wane, just now m y good deal, which her rays do not b little,/ my wayward itinerary declined soon,/ but she shines not the less (Thoreau 71 0) in rate to show the contrast between his frightful life and the power an d beauty of the moon. Henry David Thoreau uses tone shift in every other line in order to con trash himself with the moon, he uses a disconsolate tone when talk about his life in order to show that he is weak.Afterwards, he shifts to a omnipotent tone to describe the powerfulness s of the moon, lady, and that compared to him she will never suit weak. He talks about how s he does not Wane therefore, she does not fade, but he then he talks about that his fortune does fade making him seem powerless. He also talks about how she does not bring luck to his fortune e and that he took the wrong path that will soon be declining and bringing adversity to his life. La s tay, he talks about how none of that matters because the moon does not shine any less t wherefore, she gives him hope that one day everything will turn out okay.The contrast is shown aft r every other line because he goes from describing his unfortunate life to describing the influent al light of the moon to show how strong her light and beauty is. The moon is a reminder that t beauty take over exist even in the darkest moments of ones life and his manage towards the moon, lady , helps him see beyond his problems and the life he abhors. Likewise, Henry David Thoreau use of tone shift conveys that no matter h owe oftentimes hate and abomination you feel towards a someone, theres always going to be a spark Of love u ender all that loath. Indeed, Indeed, I Cannot Tell is a dramatic poem about a man and a choice between lover or hate. The man starts of hating a certain person and doesnt want to believe the at he truly loves them. He thinks that loving the person is some kind of c rime and that he is not al lowed to love. Time starts to pass by and no matter how much he tries to hate the person 10 eve strikes him every time. He finally realizes that he can not truly hate the person no matter how much he tires. He figures out that love can not be hidden and that love will always find a away b ace to him no matter how much he tries to push it away.Hate can not always be a disguise f or love because love will always be able to break through the cracks of hate and when it does I can not be controlled. In addition to, Henry David Thoreau tone shift helps the reader s e the confusion Henry has about whether to love or hate the person. The tone shift is mostly n deiced in lines seven through twelve when Henry starts to talk about how he, O, I hate thee with a hate/ That would fain, annihilate/ Yet sometimes against my will,/ My dear friend, love the still. If it were a treason to our love,/ And a sin to God above, (Thoreau 712). Henry uses a tone of abhorrence when talking about how much he hates the person, but then shifts to a tone o f affection to show owe much he wants to love the person. At first Henry starts talking about how he hates the person with so much hate that it will soon destroy him. He then shifts to talk Eng about how sometimes against his will he still loves them. Lastly, he shifts back to talking a bout how loving the person is a betrayal and a sin to the God above.By using tone shift the re adder can tell that Henry does truly want to love the person, but he is numb to because he believe sees its a sin to love a person so much. Therefore, he tries to use hate as a disguise in order to make e himself believe that he doesnt not love the person. He soon sees the reality that he cant hate the e person and that his love towards the person is too strong to be hidden therefore, he agrees that he does love the person. He knows that its not right to love the person, but with hate comes 10 eve and eventually love starts to take ove r uncontrollably and theres nought that can stop it.Furthermore, in both The Moon and Indeed, Indeed, I Cannot Tell Henry David Thoreau uses contradictory tone to portray that that love will always control hate, b UT at the same time he gives the poems their own unique styles. Thoreau poems both illustrate t e power of love, but in two contrastive scenarios. Thoreau use of contradictory tone in The Mo on and Indeed, Indeed, I Cannot Tell illustrates not only how love can overshadow hate, but also how much of an impact love has in peoples lives.Moon illustrates a man with a life full I of faults and his love for the moon, in this persona a lady. Henry illustrates the impact of love BBC reading a scenario where the love Of a man towards a lady, moon, helps him loss sight Of all his t rubles in life. He makes the man go through many problems, but he doesnt let the man lose t he thought of love. In he end the love he has towards the moon,woman, helps the man realize that no matter w hat situation he is in his love will never alter.By only counseling on the good, in this case love, the man realizes that life is precious and that theres not a reason to abhor it no matter what challenges are being faced. maculation The Moon illustrated that love is powerful by using nature, Indeed, Indeed, I Cannot Tell illustrates the power of love by making It simple e and using a man that just simply believes he hates another person. Indeed, Indeed, I Cannot Tell is also a poem written by Henry David Thoreau that emphasizes the power of love. Indeed, Indeed, I Cannot Tell helps the reader picture ho w love overshadows hate, but in a different scenario.In the poem theres a man that starts out hating a person with a passion, but the hate turned out to be a disguise for his love to wards the person. The man talks about how the person disgust him and how he doesnt know w hats easier to either love or hate them. Throughout the poem he keeps trying to convince himself that he hates the person and that theres no possible way that he could ever love them. As the poem starts to come to an end he admits that he really does love the person, but it wasnt his determination ion to love them.The poem shows that everyone has hidden love and that hate only occurs who en love is present because no one ever wants to believe that a person could love someone with so much passion therefore, hate is a disguise for love. Henry David Thoreau used different see Marion in the poems in order to warn people that love is to be taken seriously, but he used contract actors tone in both of the poems to get the message out. By creating different scenarios, but using g the same tone Henry David Thoreau helps the reader gain some knowledge on how love imp acts different people in different ways.In conclusion, different people have different experiences, but love has the same amount of power. Some people are afraid of the thought of love because maybe they ha eve experienced love in a dif ferent way than others. Love can seem ilk a bad thing but if love is ex perceived in different ways it will leave different scars. Some scars great power be bad and want to be forgotten, but they are there as a reminder of the mistakes that dont need to be repeated. Other scars are there as a reminder of how much of a difference love can cause and to show the b tackle that come with love.Henry David Thoreau flawlessly takes his experiences with love and hate and turns them into different scenarios to show the audience that love and hate can be experienced in different ways. In doing so, he is able to pass water the image that love will not alt err and that it will always stay same under every single circumstance. Henry David Thoreau, a p helicopter, chooses to take love and hate and show his audience that just because problems late r love doesnt. He helps his audience realize that hate is powerful, but hate really never is felt.

Modern Technology vs Books

One of the most important marvels of modern technology is the Internet, which has non just revolutionized the process of information retrieval, but also, dramatically changed the way people seek information. If in the past, people often had to spend so much clock time and energy going through many pages or sheets of printed media only to seek for specific information, now with the aid of the profits information retrieval stomach be much easier and time-saving. The revolutionary way which the internet offers triggers an intriguing question whether it will replace books or printed media as the main source of information.From my observation, I tend to opine that it will. My main reason is because it has so many advantages over printed media, which make the former (the internet) more preferable, more interesting, more attractive, and even more reliable than the latter (printed media). As a result, more and more people turn to the internet every time they need to seek for information . Here are some of the advantages which I substructure list to support my belief. First, the kinds of information which the internet provides are almost unlimited.We can find almost any topics from a single computer equipped with a good connection to the internet, while it is impossible to find such a large number of topics only from a single book or a single newspaper. As a result, when people need almost any information, ranging from the latest news, house rentals, car bargains, to public transport schedules and fares, they rely on the internet rather than printed media. Second, the information stored in the internet can be updated at very short intervals, enabling its users to always get the latest progress or development.This kind of updating cant be applied to printed media and thus, printed media always lags behind the internet. Third, the internet also provides other facilities that printed media cant provide. For example, it enables its users to perform multitasking or int eractivity, so that they can communicate with other people, play online games, download or upload pictures, and so on, while seeking for information. Fourth, the optimization of internet usage can reduce paper consumption significantly. Since the environmental awareness is on the rise, people are encouraged to reduce paper consumption.More paper consumption can carry on to more deforestation because the raw materials for making paper basically come from forests. As a result, paperless office and going paperless are being intensively promoted, and here in this context, the internet has proved to be supportive. Looking at the rapidly widespread use of the internet and peoples increasing reliance on it, I believe that someday the internet will triumph over printed media. The first signs of it have shown. For example, the number of internet users is increasing so dramatically, while the sale of printed media is decreasing.

Patient-Centered Care and Comminication in Critical Care Essay

IntroductionCommunication is a key component in nurse worry. As take ups we must communicate with our uncomplaining role roles, patients families, and a wide variety of healthcare team members. Communication potbelly be vital to patients lives, informative to physicians, and calming or educational to families. The conversation method, or writing, that a take up uses as part of her care can positively, or negatively, put on every aspect of patient care. Communication plays a huge role in the way I care for patients and their families. Without positive, agreeive communication I would have a very difficult time build a trusting relationship with my patients. My nursing career goal is to one day become a critical care nurse. I chose this article to provided educate myself or so affective communication and how I can apply this knowledge in a critical care setting. As a nurse working in the Intensive Care Unit, communication has a critical role in patient-centered care.The obj ective of this champaign was to perform a qualitative abstract of nurses communication behaviors to develop interventions that will improve patient-centered communication in the critical care setting. The theoretical model of patient-centered care contains five domains. The five domains include the biopsychosocial perspective the patient-as-person sharing power and business the therapeutic alliance and the clinician-as-person domain. During the course of this study communication interactions surrounded by nurses, patients, and patients families were analyzed and daubd into one of the five domains.Interviews with the nursing round were also analyzed to identify specific subjects in nurses roles and their preferences for communication with patients and families. The data collected for this study contained a combination of interviews, direct observations within the ICU, family conferences, and informal conversations that took place between a patients family member and healthca re providers.SummaryAnalysis of the collected data found that the majority of nurses involved inthe study communicated nearly often in the biopsychosocial, patient-as-person, and clinician-as-person domains. The biopsychosocial domain focuses mainly on learning exchange. A majority of the nursing communication interactions observed were in this domain. Communication between the nurse, the patient, and the patients family were often related to life-sustaining interventions, however, the implications as to why these interventions were necessary was never directly addressed. Many communication behaviors also fell into the patient-as-person domain. Within this domain the nurse seeks to understand a patients personality outside of their illness. Non-verbal communication behaviors were frequently noted in this domain. The clinician-as-person domain involves interactions between the nurse and other clinicians, most often a physician, and recognizing ones own emotional response to a parti cular patient and the situation. In the twain remaining domains, it was noted that the combat-ready nurses generally refrained from communication in these areas.Sharing power and responsibility includes the active involvement of a patient, or family member in treatment decisions and forming an add upment about the plan of care. The therapeutic alliance domain includes a clinician that is involved with learning the patients desires and then working together alongside the patient to agree on a plan of care. A majority of the nurses interviewed agreed upon the importance of these two domains, they felt that it was not a part of their nursing role. Instead they regarded that the divided power and therapeutic alliance domains should be fulfilled by a physician. Once the communication behaviors were analyzed and placed into one of the patient-centered care domains, further evaluations were do to understand any reasoning as to why nurses chose to communicate more in certain domains an d less in others. During the evaluation of nurses roles in communication two themes were discovered.These themes tended to guide nursing communication behaviors based on their perspective of a nurses role within the patient-centered care domains. In the first theme nurses felt their role was to act as translator between the physicians, the patients, and the patients families. As a translator, nurses are able to clarify the overall plan of care for patients and the patients family members that may have been missed or misunderstood. It was also recognized that nurses sometimes acted as only one-way translators. This involved reporting patient information to thephysician only. The nurses felt it was not their role to translate any critical health changes, or any misunderstandings that a patient, or a patients family member may have about critical life procedures. Nurses felt that it was the physicians role to fulfill those duties. The second theme involved topics that nurses were willi ng to discuss with patients and the patients family, as well as topics they refused to discuss with them.The said verses not said theme tends to overlap with the translator theme. Once again, nurses did not feel that communicating bad news to a patient or the patients family was not their role but the physicians role instead. Within this theme nurses often rarely shared their opinions to patients or the family when it differed from that of the physician. At other times nurses often conferred, or shared their opinions with other healthcare providers for any corroboration onward they spoke with a patient or the patients family. During the nurses interviews, physicians were often referred to as the primary decision makers in patient care and that their role was to support and carry out the consequences of those decisions.ApplicationAs healthcare providers try to accomplish more in less time these days, the relationship between patients and patients families suffer. Miscommunication, f alse understandings and failed patient relationships can all lead to poor outcomes. Patient-centered care involves treating patients as partners, involving them in decision making, and helping them feel a sense of responsibility in managing their care all while respecting their individual values and concerns. Nurses are usually the first healthcare providers to develop a trusting relationship with a patient and a patients family. Nurses are quick to discover a patients personality, beliefs and values, as well as their family dynamics. Interdisciplinary communication between physicians and nurses needs to be improved. By emphasizing shared decision making and interpersonal communication between nurses and physicians patient outcomes will improve. Two ways that nurses can enhance interdisciplinary communication is by maintaining the use of the SBAR communication tool.This ensures that messages are organized and clear for the physician. Secondly, the nurse and physician should discuss the plan of care together before speaking with the patient or the patients family. Thenurse may have more insight into the background, values, and wishes of the patient that may affect the plan of care. This intervention directly targets the said verses not said theme and involves the nurse in the shared decision domain. As a nurse on a critical care unit, it would be extremely beneficial to learn and explore what specifically the nurse role is in regards to communication and information that can be shared. Is the nurse able to participate in the shared power and responsibility or the therapeutic alliance domains, or is it truly defined as the role of a physician? As a nurse on the critical care unit, I would seek clarification as to what my role is in regards to communicating with the patient and the patients family.I would also maintain the use of SBAR as part of my communication techniques and work on developing a trusting relationship with a wide variety of physicians. Effectiv e communication is an important aspect of all nurse-patient interactions. It wasnt until recent that nursing communication and its fix on patient-centered care began to be studied. Nursing communication interactions between the patient and the patients family highly contributes to patient-centered care and outcomes. By continuing to study nursing communication behaviors and interactions, interventions to improve patient-centered care can further be determined and implemented into practice.ReferencesBIBLIOGRAPHY Slatore, C., Hansen, L., Ganzini, L., Press, N., Osborne, M., Chesnutt, M., & Mularski, R. (2012). COMMUNICATION BY NURSES IN THE INTENSIVE CARE UNIT soft ANALYSIS OF DOMAINS OF PATIENT-CENTERED CARE. American Journal Of Critical Care, 21(6), 410-418.

Benefits of High School Sports Essay

Bissingers essay focuses on the negative aspects of high shallows sports, arguing that the worst aspects of professional and college sports have contaminated competition at the high school level. Write an essay in which you present the beneficial effects of high school sports on athletes, families, and communities, For example, you might discuss how playing on a police squad sport teaches students about working with others on a school assignment, a family project, or a lodge event.Tamesha Davis, creation one of the top ranked athletes in Port Arthur Texas, experiencing great competition from other schools and students, setting an example as a leader and participating in a school activity unplowed me as a young student focused on school and being a part of a team. I felt that I had a dedication to my teammates, my coaches, my teachers, and friends.Having someone look up to you and want to follow in your footsteps is a great feeling. Becoming a part of the community as a leader in a sports like Track and Field, Football, Basket Ball, Tennis, Volleyball, Cheerleading, Debate Clubs, teaches you to work and buy the farm along with others on school assignments , family projects, and be apart of many an(prenominal) community events.There are a lot of schools sports that bring parents closer to their children. Ive seen a lot of parents come out and embolden their kids at these events. I am one who had a parent that didnt get to come to my events, But their was other parents there to cheer me on and stay me motivated to keep the faith with the team.Having these parents there made a big difference in a lot of us, especially during school they helped us do our homework, our grades were passing, they made positive(predicate) we were in class. The parents participated in school fundraisers, PTA meetings for our best interest. The carpools were a big support factor, my teammates parents made sure that all kids made it to practice and back home.High inculcate sports is the start of a career where you get recognized and get the skills that you need to get into college. Scouts come out just to see who the best of the best. Thats where students get to show off theirtalent.Getting a scholarship to a good college academically or through a sport is an achievement. Doing volunteer work in the community during high school looks good on a college resume. As a student in high school I had all of this support to succeed. I attend family oriented programs, to help me if I was having any problems or issues during school or at home.Community events was something that I attended all the time, get together and gathering with teachers, friends, family, and other students to cheer on the players, basketball teams kept a lot of the students at our school occupied. They were not out in the community getting in trouble, getting arrested, causing mishaps.The students at our school were more focused on the Battle of the Bands at the football games. Back to school ex pos, were in addition great for the younger kids, that are just entering high school. It gave them a sense of being welcome, and not afraid to participate in the school activities. Being in a high school sport benefited me throughout my journey through school.

Psychoanalytic Personality Assessment

Psychoanalytic Personality Assess custodyt PSY/250 Psychoanalytic Personality Assessment The psychoanalytical theory states that there are inner forces divers(prenominal)(a) than your awareness that advert your behavior. Sigmund Freud, Alfred Adler and Carl Jung influenced psychology with their theories making a very large impact on psychology. As the writer I will compare and billet the theories of these three gentlemen and decide which of these theories in which I agree and which of these theories I do non agree with.Freuds work is now the most(prenominal) recognized and most heavily cited in each(prenominal) of psychology and referenced in humanities as well. Freud emphasized on dreams and tripuality. Dreams according to Freuds psychoanalytic theory are said to have two levels of content, manifest content and latent content. The manifest content is what a person remembers and consciously considers. The latent content is the underlying confidential meaning. This is t he trademark idealism of the psychoanalytic approach to disposition, in other words what we see on the uprise is only a part of what re solelyy lies underneath. Friedman & Schustack 2009) In his theory libido was the cozy energy that was responsible for psychological tension. Freud believed that the principal driving force behind men and womens activities was either repressed or convey sexuality. Unfulfilled sexuality led to pathological conditions. In other words that the unconscious(p) was the storage expertness for repressed sexual desires. (Friedman, Schustack, 2009) Freud also matte up that pietism was just an escape and a misleading notion which was an idea that should not be spread to deal, that devotion was a drug of the masses.His faith was fully in the minds ability to access its unconscious thoughts, thus avoiding any psychiatric disorder. Freud viewed the unconscious as a sight of images, thoughts and experiences that an singular refused to process, which led to psychiatric problems. (Wikipedia, 2010) On the other hand Jung disagreed on what constituted the unconscious. Jung added to Freuds definition by stating that each individual also have a collective unconscious, a group of dual-lane images and archetypes car park to all humans.Jung was fascinated with symbols. He argued that there are archetypes among these symbols which relate common human heritage, not just individual experiences. (Wikipedia, 2010) Thus each of us has a set of common symbols within us. Jungs neo-analytic theory also differed suggesting that libido was a general psychic energy that was not sexual in nature. Jung believed that sex amounted to only atomic number 53 of the many things that drive humans. More importantly, humans are driven by their imply to achieve individuation, wholeness or full companionship of the self-importance.Jung quite different in his beliefs, suggests that trust was an important place of safety for the individual as he or she began the process of individuation, exploring and excepting all parts of the self, that religion was a means of communication between all types of people, because although religions differed, the archetypes and symbols remained the same. In my opinion Jung was more mythical. Adler as inappropriate to Freud and Jung was in a class of his own. He believed that people were social creatures, forming goals and striving to meet them.Adler saw mental health in terms of having healthy values, which affect what goals we try to achieve. He believed that inferiority complexes affected self esteem and caused a negative effect on human health. Adler argued for holism, masculinity and femininity were crucial to mind human psychology (Friedman, Schustack, 2009). The desire of the self was explode by social and ethical demands. Adler suggested that social realm was important to psychology as was the internal realm. That the dynamics of power and compensation extend beyond sexuality, and that grammati cal gender and politics were important considerations that go beyond libido.As you can see Adler was quite the socialist and realist and emphasized the eccentric of empathy. One of the characters that I agree with is the theory that dreams take to the woods a part in psychoanalytic constitution. I say this because of my own personal relationship with dreams. I believe that dreams are a part of our unconscious mind, either from repressed traumatic experiences, which can contribute to nightmares, night sweats, waking up at all hours of the night, which in turn can cause stirred up instability and psychiatric disorders.In the same token, I also believe that daydreaming and pleasant dreams can be healthy to ones everyplaceall mental health. Another diagnostic that I agree with is the theory that put forwarding and puerility development plays an even greater role in genius. I believe that from the moment you are born how you are nurtured, loved, and cared for, shapes who you wil l become as an adult. Childhood is the most critical time in the development stages of the ones genius. On the other hand, one of the theories that I disagree with is Freuds libido theory.I think that he had a dark deep obsession with sex and over emphasized it, in including it in his theory. I felt he had no basis, no proof, and no real meaning in his conclusion. The only connection to personality that I believe sex would have, is if one has been by means of a traumatic experience such as rape, suffer from sexual identity, a sexual dependence or other sexual crisis, otherwise I feel it has no place in personality. Freud just put way too much focus on sex in his theory. Another Freudian theory I disagree with is that religion is just an escape and a misleading notion.I have a strong disenchantment with this, being I am a very religious person. For the most part all nations, all creeds, all walks of life on this earth, have some sort of religious views. pietism is taught to us as children and plays a very important role in how we place our values, our morals, our principals, so to uprise religion from psychoanalytic personality is preposterous. Our religion, along with our childhood development determines who we are and who we will become. Religion is the most destructive of all weapons of mass destruction, and yet Freud looks at it so nonchalantly.More people have died in the have-to doe with of religion that any other causes. I know that my religion weighs heavily on my personality. The five stages of Freuds theory are that from age 0-2 (Oral) which is the first stage, the characteristic is the mouth sucking, acidulous and swallowing, the competitiveness is the weaning away from the puzzles breast. This stage suggests that the willing personality is preoccupied with oral activities such as eating, smoking, biting nails or drinking. The oral aggressive personality is hostile and verbally abusive using mouth ground aggression.The bet on stage from ag e 2-4 (Anal) is the defecating or retaining of feces. The conflict is toilet training. The anal personality is stingy, and has a compulsive desire for order and tidiness. This person is generally cussed and a perfectionist. The anal expulsive personality has a lose of self control, being generally messy and careless. The third stage from ages 4-5 (Phallic) is genitals. A boy being Oedipus and a girl Electra, which is a process through which they hornswoggle to identify with the same gender levy by acting as much like that parent as possible.Boys suffer castration anxiety by believing that the father knows that they desire their mothers, and thinking that the father will castrate him. Girls suffer from penis envy, where she is devoted to her mother but then shifts her attachment formerly she realizes her mother lacks a penis, she then desires her father but later represses her desire for her father and incorporates the value of her mother and accepts her inferiority. The fourth stage, ages 6-puberty (Latency) is unaccept satisfactory sexual desires that may flow into sports and hobbies, having the same sex friends help avoid sexual feelings.This personality is relatively calm. inner and aggressive behavior is less active. The fifth and make it stage is the Genital stage and this personality represents maturity, intellectual and artistic creativity. This personality is well adjusted and balanced. right off after all of this, are you convinced as well as I am that Freud was way off the charts? Again I say that he put much too much strain on sex. Freud believed and developed a series of defense mechanisms and all of his defense mechanisms divided up two common properties.One in which they often appeared unconsciously and two they tended to distort, transform, or otherwise falsify reality. One of his defense mechanisms Intellectualization is taking on an objective viewpoint. Suppose a husband retards that his wife has an incurable disease. He tries to le arn everything he can about the disease and treatment options and by doing so represses feelings of anxiety, feelings of not being able to do anything to help his wife and any feelings of animosity he may be feeling.Focusing on the facts rather than the emotional content of the situation. Freud, Jung and Adler each had their own ideas when it came to psychoanalytic personality, though they did not agree on all aspects of each others ideas, combined they were the founding fathers of psychoanalytic personality and are still super regarded in the field of psychology today. Their theories combined heart-to-heart doors into the vastness and complexity of the human mind. I believe in the field of psychology a fiddling of each of their theories are being practiced today.There is a little Jung, Adler and Freud in each of us as we try and decipher the human mind and human behavior. References Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy. (2001). Sigmund Freud. Retrieved from http//www. iep. utm. edu Friedman, H. S. , & Schuustack, M. W. (2009). Personality Classic Theories and mod Research (4th ed. ). Pearson Education, Inc.. Boeree, G. C. (1997,2006). Alfred Adler. Retrieved from http//webspace. ship. edu/cgboer/adler/htmlPsychoanalytic Personality AssessmentEach individual is distinguished by their own unique personality. Personality is developed in different stages of a person life. There are several theorists who have tried to decipher the different types of personalities and determine the meaning of each. Freud, Jung, and Adler were known as sterling(prenominal) psychologists. Although they were sterling their views on psychology varied. To compare and compare their psychoanalysis theories, Freud, Jung, and Adler perspectives on personality was similar but dissimilar at times. This assessment will compare and contrast psychoanalytic theories of Freud, Jung, and Adler.The assessment will also beg off the two characteristics in which I agree and disagree. This asses sment will describe the stages of Freuds theory and explain characteristics of personality using these components. This assessment will conclude by describing the use of at least three Freudian defense mechanisms with real life examples. The theories Sigmund Freud, Alfred Adler, and Carl Jung shared is called psychoanalytic theories. These great men main theory was to decipher human behavior. They think on many aspects of understanding of psychology.Their main focus was to discover a persons previous childhood experiences and decipher the color a male of female would view a current experience. Freud established the theory that focused on psychosexual progress. Adler established human psychology. Jung established the analytical part of psychology. Freud psychoanalytical insight was broken down using three characteristics Id, ego, and superego (Friedman, Schustack, 2012). Freud describes Id as the al-Qaida of personality. Id is demonstrated as not being affected by the external worl d (Friedman, Schusstack, 2012). The id hold the main physic force and motivations, whichreferent urges or feelings.The second characteristic Freud describes is ego. Ego demonstrates an individual actually having to with the external world. A person ego is controlled by real life encounters for example, going work, taking care of the children, socializing, and lead daily errands. Freud believes that a person ego reflects reality principles, which are real life situations. Carl Jung believes that ego is the facet of an individuals personality. Jung also believes the ego personality is a conscious action of self control. The third characteristic that Freud demonstrates is superego.Superego is the characteristic that joins moral values and society values. Moral values are taught by our parent who allows a person to know right from wrong. Society morals influence an individual personality by the environment that they live among. Superego is a person scruples that telling them from with in what ethical decision or action you need to make (Friedman, Schustack, 2012). Carl G. Jung comes from a family line of ministers on both his mother and father side. Jung theories regarding personality was peculiar and somewhat different. Jung personality theories consist of a persons thought and childhood encounters.His focal point was less on sexuality, and more on historical, spiritual, and supernatural occurrences than Freuds psychoanalytic psychology (Friedman, Schusstack, 2012). Jung analytic psychology was geared toward three component of the mind the conscious ego, the personal unconscious, and the collective unconscious. Jung theory on ego did resemble to Freuds theory on ego. He believed that a persons ego was conscious personified by the self motivation. Jung also believed that an individual develops this personality at four years of age (Friedman, Schustack, 2012).Psychoanalytic Personality AssessmentPsychoanalytic Personality Assessment PSY/250 Psychoanalytic Personal ity Assessment The psychoanalytic theory states that there are inner forces other than your awareness that affect your behavior. Sigmund Freud, Alfred Adler and Carl Jung influenced psychology with their theories making a very large impact on psychology. As the writer I will compare and contrast the theories of these three gentlemen and decide which of these theories in which I agree and which of these theories I do not agree with.Freuds work is now the most recognized and most heavily cited in all of psychology and referenced in humanities as well. Freud emphasized on dreams and sexuality. Dreams according to Freuds psychoanalytic theory are said to have two levels of content, manifest content and latent content. The manifest content is what a person remembers and consciously considers. The latent content is the underlying hidden meaning. This is the trademark idealism of the psychoanalytic approach to personality, in other words what we see on the surface is only a part of what re ally lies underneath. Friedman & Schustack 2009) In his theory libido was the sexual energy that was responsible for psychological tension. Freud believed that the principal driving force behind men and womens activities was either repressed or expressed sexuality. Unfulfilled sexuality led to pathological conditions. In other words that the unconscious was the storage facility for repressed sexual desires. (Friedman, Schustack, 2009) Freud also felt that religion was just an escape and a misleading notion which was an idea that should not be spread to people, that religion was a drug of the masses.His faith was fully in the minds ability to access its unconscious thoughts, thus avoiding any psychiatric disorder. Freud viewed the unconscious as a collection of images, thoughts and experiences that an individual refused to process, which led to psychiatric problems. (Wikipedia, 2010) On the other hand Jung disagreed on what constituted the unconscious. Jung added to Freuds definition by stating that each individual also possessed a collective unconscious, a group of shared images and archetypes common to all humans.Jung was fascinated with symbols. He argued that there are archetypes among these symbols which relate common human heritage, not just individual experiences. (Wikipedia, 2010) Thus each of us has a set of common symbols within us. Jungs neo-analytic theory also differed suggesting that libido was a general psychic energy that was not sexual in nature. Jung believed that sex amounted to only one of the many things that drive humans. More importantly, humans are driven by their need to achieve individuation, wholeness or full knowledge of the self.Jung quite different in his beliefs, suggests that religion was an important place of safety for the individual as he or she began the process of individuation, exploring and excepting all parts of the self, that religion was a means of communication between all types of people, because although religions di ffered, the archetypes and symbols remained the same. In my opinion Jung was more mythical. Adler as opposed to Freud and Jung was in a class of his own. He believed that people were social creatures, forming goals and striving to meet them.Adler saw mental health in terms of having healthy values, which affect what goals we try to achieve. He believed that inferiority complexes affected self esteem and caused a negative effect on human health. Adler argued for holism, masculinity and femininity were crucial to understanding human psychology (Friedman, Schustack, 2009). The desire of the self was offset by social and ethical demands. Adler suggested that social realm was important to psychology as was the internal realm. That the dynamics of power and compensation extend beyond sexuality, and that gender and politics were important considerations that go beyond libido.As you can see Adler was quite the socialist and realist and emphasized the role of empathy. One of the characterist ics that I agree with is the theory that dreams play a part in psychoanalytic personality. I say this because of my own personal relationship with dreams. I believe that dreams are a part of our unconscious mind, either from repressed traumatic experiences, which can contribute to nightmares, night sweats, waking up at all hours of the night, which in turn can cause emotional instability and psychiatric disorders.In the same token, I also believe that daydreaming and pleasant dreams can be healthy to ones overall mental health. Another characteristic that I agree with is the theory that parenting and childhood development plays an even greater role in personality. I believe that from the moment you are born how you are nurtured, loved, and cared for, shapes who you will become as an adult. Childhood is the most critical time in the development stages of the ones personality. On the other hand, one of the theories that I disagree with is Freuds libido theory.I think that he had a dar k deep obsession with sex and over emphasized it, in including it in his theory. I felt he had no basis, no proof, and no real meaning in his conclusion. The only connection to personality that I believe sex would have, is if one has been through a traumatic experience such as rape, suffer from sexual identity, a sexual addiction or other sexual crisis, otherwise I feel it has no place in personality. Freud just put way too much emphasis on sex in his theory. Another Freudian theory I disagree with is that religion is just an escape and a misleading notion.I have a strong disenchantment with this, being I am a very religious person. For the most part all nations, all creeds, all walks of life on this earth, have some sort of religious views. Religion is taught to us as children and plays a very important role in how we place our values, our morals, our principals, so to exclude religion from psychoanalytic personality is preposterous. Our religion, along with our childhood developme nt determines who we are and who we will become. Religion is the most destructive of all weapons of mass destruction, and yet Freud looks at it so nonchalantly.More people have died in the name of religion that any other causes. I know that my religion weighs heavily on my personality. The five stages of Freuds theory are that from age 0-2 (Oral) which is the first stage, the characteristic is the mouth sucking, biting and swallowing, the conflict is the weaning away from the mothers breast. This stage suggests that the willing personality is preoccupied with oral activities such as eating, smoking, biting nails or drinking. The oral aggressive personality is hostile and verbally abusive using mouth based aggression.The second stage from age 2-4 (Anal) is the defecating or retaining of feces. The conflict is toilet training. The anal personality is stingy, and has a compulsive desire for order and tidiness. This person is generally stubborn and a perfectionist. The anal expulsive pe rsonality has a lack of self control, being generally messy and careless. The third stage from ages 4-5 (Phallic) is genitals. A boy being Oedipus and a girl Electra, which is a process through which they learn to identify with the same gender parent by acting as much like that parent as possible.Boys suffer castration anxiety by believing that the father knows that they desire their mothers, and thinking that the father will castrate him. Girls suffer from penis envy, where she is attached to her mother but then shifts her attachment once she realizes her mother lacks a penis, she then desires her father but later represses her desire for her father and incorporates the value of her mother and accepts her inferiority. The fourth stage, ages 6-puberty (Latency) is unacceptable sexual desires that may flow into sports and hobbies, having the same sex friends help avoid sexual feelings.This personality is relatively calm. Sexual and aggressive behavior is less active. The fifth and la st stage is the Genital stage and this personality represents maturity, intellectual and artistic creativity. This personality is well adjusted and balanced. Now after all of this, are you convinced as well as I am that Freud was way off the charts? Again I say that he put much too much emphasis on sex. Freud believed and developed a series of defense mechanisms and all of his defense mechanisms shared two common properties.One in which they often appeared unconsciously and two they tended to distort, transform, or otherwise falsify reality. One of his defense mechanisms Intellectualization is taking on an objective viewpoint. Suppose a husband learns that his wife has an incurable disease. He tries to learn everything he can about the disease and treatment options and by doing so represses feelings of anxiety, feelings of not being able to do anything to help his wife and any feelings of anger he may be feeling.Focusing on the facts rather than the emotional content of the situatio n. Freud, Jung and Adler each had their own ideas when it came to psychoanalytic personality, though they did not agree on all aspects of each others ideas, combined they were the founding fathers of psychoanalytic personality and are still highly regarded in the field of psychology today. Their theories combined opened doors into the vastness and complexity of the human mind. I believe in the field of psychology a little of each of their theories are being practiced today.There is a little Jung, Adler and Freud in each of us as we try and decipher the human mind and human behavior. References Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy. (2001). Sigmund Freud. Retrieved from http//www. iep. utm. edu Friedman, H. S. , & Schuustack, M. W. (2009). Personality Classic Theories and Modern Research (4th ed. ). Pearson Education, Inc.. Boeree, G. C. (1997,2006). Alfred Adler. Retrieved from http//webspace. ship. edu/cgboer/adler/html

Doing Business with Multinational Organizations

INTRODUCTION Owing to the fast evolution of in work outation and technology organization argon operating in an environment where the geographic boundaries are none existent and a company with a subsidiary in another continent departs as if they are in the uniform city. This sweets communicate attempts to identify how this has come acrossed way of doing strain by transnational organization by looking and four aspects, which are cultural differences, ethical issues, schema and industrial or business. 1. CULTURAL DIFFERENCES Culture plays a very important aspect in various aspects of business especially for multinational corporations (MNC) operation on a global level. Cultural variations affect the way a firm conducts its business in unalike geographical regions and around different cultural settings so that they render their securities industry base, increase revenue and curve conflicts resulting from cultural differences(Deresky,2008).Managers of MNCs give up to under stand what implications conclusions have on various business transactions. The main areas where cultural factors affect multinational corporations are 1. 1. Influence on Strategy that provide be employ A multinational company must research on the cultural aspects of a natural market they would like to venture in. They have to understand the likes and dislikes, likeences, what is considered right or wrong, what is valued, what is the common belief in the area they are going to operate in.An mannequin is in Saudi Arabia where religion dictates what happens in normal business transactions and daily activities for instance for Muslims who pray five valuates a day, departmental stores and other businesses created room to al kickoff the Muslim customers and employees to pray to a greater extent over during the month of Ramadan, some businesses are closed during the day as the Muslims are fasting and are less active during the day and opt to open in the evenings when people are mo re active. 1. 2. Communication Language and non-verbal conversation are cultural cues that affect passing of messages from one political party to another.Communication amongst parties that come 2 from different cultures becomes more challenging beca mathematical function of the differences elements of culture and what they value in communication. Different cultures have different communication elans (Gallois and Callan ,1997). These communications styles are 1. 2. 1. Explicit Vs Implicit Communication Explicit communications is where someone when someone talks it is straight to the point and unambiguous for compositors lineament Americans. Implicit communication is usually indirect and inexact for precedent In makesian communication.For instance a mother telling a man that he is not compatible with her daughter serves him with tea and bananas instead of telling him directly (Gallois and Callan ,1997). 1. 2. 2. Direct Vs Indirect Communication Direct communication states direc t action for example has this report done before you go home. When someone hears direct speech they know what is to be done. Greek employees prefer this kind of communication as they prefer orders as compared to their contribution in management conclusions. Indirect communication is not authoritative and encourages input from the listener.American managers prefer this kind of communication as it goes with their managerial style of participatory management. 1. 2. 3. Silence Vs Verbal exaggeration Silence is also seen as a way of communication but different cultures perceive quiet in different contexts. The Japanese use silence during negotiations as a strategy to control the negotiation butt on however if their counterparts are 3 Americans, they would see this silence as lack of knowledge or an indication to move to the next point. On the other hand some cultures dramatization and over emphasize to expect the gravity of the matter.This has been observed in the Arab states where c ommon words are used at the end of sentences and pronouns will be repeated for emphasis also used are graphical similes and metaphors. Managers in multinational corporations should therefore study very carefully which communication style takes prevalence in what area and use what is pet (Gallois and Callan ,1997). 1. 3. Non-verbal communication Non-verbal is another way of communicating messages and portrays messages with more emphasis than words as they say actions speak louder than words. Non-verbal communication includes body movements, posture and gestures, facial expressions.In intercultural communication, it is accomplishable that people rely on non-verbal communication especially when verbal messages are unclear or ambiguous. This is because non-verbal communication is used to add meaning to our verbal communication. How non-verbal communication is used also varies for example low context cultures like the Americans tend to concentrate less with non-verbal communication. Th is means that it is not there but it is given shortsighted importance compared to the words. Examples of non-verbal communication cues are proxemics (space), tone of voice, body gestures, facial expressions and eye contact (Gallois and Callan ,1997). . 4. Negotiations This is a cultivate where business people engage in discussions with the neutral of 4 reaching an agreement that will result in the parties involved benefiting. Negotiations for multinational corporations are usually with the suppliers of majuscule (investors), suppliers, service providers, the Governments involved (either domestic or foreign), customers and the society. Managers should be aware of the sensitivity and complexities of negotiations especially that are caused by cultural differences as these are usually the secern to success (Horst,1972).The multicultural negotiation process is as outlined below 1. 4. 1. Preparation Understand the counterparts culture as compared to ours and identifying the differenc es. Meant to make us understand the counterparts culture 1. 4. 2. Relation get off expression This stage is used to build trust, some cultures find this amount irrelevant while others emphasize on relationship building and spend more time here. 1. 4. 3. Exchange task related information Presentation of details by each the parties and they state their stands. Culture dictates how much information is revealed. . 4. 4. Persuasion Each party tries to convince the counterparts to take their option by explaining the benefits each would get from their stand. 1. 4. 5. Concession and agreements This is where agreements are reached and using culture, negotiators know how they will get to this point. 1. 5 Motivation This is what gives compassionate beings or assorts the desire or willingness to do something 5 in terms of work and personal life and such(prenominal)(prenominal) a context is greatly influenced by cultural variables that affect attitudes and behavior. Using Hofstedes ultural d imensions we can evaluate how different motivation methods by multinational corporations would affect employees from different cultures especially if they use the same methods across several countries. 1. 4. 6. Individualism/Collectiveness People who are ingredients to a culture that promote individualism such as the American culture would be propel by opportunities for individual advancement and autonomy plus they would prefer individual rewarding systems than people of a collectivist nature who would prefer rewards of the entire group and would be motivated with what will advance the entire group. . 4. 7. Uncertainty/Avoidance People who are members of cultures who prefer to avoid opportunity would prefer job earnest while the opposite would be motivated with risky opportunities for variety and fast track development. 1. 4. 8. Power distance A low power distance culture will be motivated by team work, contribution coming from all members while in a high power distance, motivati ons comes from the relation ship of the managers and the subordinates. 1. 4. 9.Masculinity/Femininity A masculine culture would prefer the traditional division of work and roles by gender and each gender to stay in their positions for example the traditional African culture 6 while in a feminine culture is open and will motivate people through and through pliable roles and equal opportunity . (Harris and Moran ,2000) 2. ETHICAL AND LEGAL ISSUES Globalization has led to the development of terra firmawide and regional establishment bodies such as the World Trade transcription (WTO), European Union (EU) and the Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA).They are tasked with regulating interactions between economies and preventing conflicts as well as ensuring business ethics and good measures are taken care of (Farrell et al, 2008) 2. 1Examples of Regional and world governing bodies 2. 1. 1. World Trade Organization The World Trade Organization (WTO) is the only global world-wide organization dealing with the rules of handle between nations. At its heart are the WTO agreements, negotiated and signed by the bulk of the worlds trading nations and ratified in their parliaments.The goals of the WTO include among others the administration of trade agreements, facilitation of trade negotiations, settlement of trade disputes, provision of legally binding ground rules for international commerce and trade policy. Basically WTO attempts to reduce barriers to trade between and within nations and settle trade disputes ( Ferrell, Fraedrich & Ferrell, 2008). The WTO can be said to favour the powerful multi-national corporations, which daily strengthen their grip on the world economy. This has led to smaller nations being forced to open up their trade areas e. China being forced by US to open up its trade 7 to allow U. S imports. Globalization of multinationals has many adverse effects on millions of people throughout the world. The overriding aim of the WTO, in short, is to create a world eminently fit for the multi-national corporations to live in. 2. 1. 2. European Union The European Union is the economical association of over devil dozen European countries, which seek to create a unified, barrier- dislodge market for products and go throughout the continent, as well as a common currency with a unified authority over that currency.The EU relies on member states to protect collective labor rights. The EU expects member states to have thriving trade unions and employees associations to participate in the legislative process at EU level that can help to implement directives at the national level. The EU also places considerable importance on upholding human rights standards in its dealings with 3rd world countries (Alston, 2005). 2. 1. 3. COMESA The Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa, is a preferential trading area with nineteen member states stretching from Libya to Zimbabwe.COMESA form in December 1994, replacing a Prefe rential Trade Area which had existed since 1981. The main objective of COMESA is to facilitate the removal of all structural and institutional weaknesses of member States, and the promotion of peace security and stability so as to enable them attain sustained development individually and collectively as a regional bloc. Among other things, COMESA member States have agreed on the need to create and maintain 8 ? a full free trade area guaranteeing the free movement of goods and services produced within COMESA and the removal of all tariffs and non-tariff barriers a Customs Union under which goods and services imported from nonCOMESA countries will attract an agreed hit tariff in all COMESA states ? free movement of capita and investment supported by the adoption of common investment practices and policies so as to create a more favorable investment climate for the COMESA region ? a gradual establishment of a payments union based on the COMESA Clearing House and the eventual(prenomin al) establishment of a common monetary union with a common currency and ?The adoption of common visa arrangements, including the right of establishment leading exitly to the free movement of bona fide persons. 2. 2. Effects of World Governing Bodies on globalization and business World governing bodies have opened up trade between member countries and as a result increased globalization namely through 1. Reducing barriers to international trade through international agreements such as WTO agreements 2. Elimination of tariffs creation of free trade zones with small or no tariffs 3.Reduced transportation costs, especially resulting from development of containerization for ocean shipping. 4. Reduction or elimination of capital controls 5. Reduction, elimination, or harmonization of subsidies for local anesthetic businesses 9 6. Creation of subsidies for global corporations 7. Harmonization of noetic property laws across the majority of states, with more restrictions 8. Supranational recognition of intellectual property restrictions (e. g. patents granted by China would be recognized in the United States) 9.Globalization has brought about the formation of alliances between countries such as the G8, NAFTA, EU, such alliances compulsion to improve trade and business amongst themselves and companies operating outside these alliances have quite some disadvantage e. g. menseser companies in Kenya selling flowers to the EU 10. World governing bodies and trade alliances such as EU, WTO stipulates the basic ethical rules that should be used in their member states. If companies do not comply they would have campaigns a elaborationst them creating boycotts for their products. 10 3. STRATEGIES During the last half of the twentieth century, many barriers to international trade fell and a wave of firms began pursuing international strategies to gain a competitive advantage. Business strategies may include geographic expansion, diversification, acquisition, product develop ment, market penetration, retrenchment, divestiture, liquidation, and fit venture. Strategic management enables organizations to recognize and adopt to change more readily successfully adapting to change is the key to survival and prosperity. 2. 3. Two types of international strategy 2. 3. 1.Global strategy Treat the world as a single market. It is employ where forces for global integration are rigid and force for national responsiveness is weak. For example this is true of consumer electronics market. Global Strategy is suitable for ? ? ? Product is the same in all countries. Centralized control subaltern decision-making authority on the local level Effective when differences between countries are small 2. 3. 2. Multinational Strategy It treats the world as a portfolio of national opportunities. It is applied where forces for global integration are weak and force for national responsiveness is strong.For example this is true of branded packaged goods business for 11 example st rategy pursued by Unilever. Multi domestic strategy is suitable for ? ? ? Products customized for each market Decentralized control local decision making Effective when there are wide differences between the countries 2. 4. Strategies of investing abroad 2. 4. 1. Joint venture Marula (2006) defines joint venture as a venture that is jointly owned and operated by two or more firms. He further explains that many firms penetrate foreign market by engaging in a joint venture with firms that domiciliate in those markets.Advantages of a Joint venture First these organizations are able to apply their respective comparative advantages in a given project and Marula (2006) gives an example of General Mills Inc which joined in a venture with Nestle SA so as that cereals produced by General Mill could be sold through the overseas sales distribution network by Nestle also Xerox Corp and Fuji Co. of Japan engaged in a joint venture that allowed Xerox Corp to penetrate the Japanese market and al lowed Fuji to enter the photocopying business.Secondly a joint ventures enables organization especially in the automobile to offer its technological advantages for example General Motors has ongoing joint ventures with automobile manufactures in several different countries. 12 Disadvantages of Joint Ventures Association of Certified Charted Accountants (2004) asserts that disagreements may turn off over profit shares, amount invested, the management of the joint venture , making the strategy and finally one partner may wish to withdraw from the arrangement. 2. 4. 2.Contract Manufacturing or Licensing Pearce and Robison (2004) define licensing as the transfer of some industrial property right from the licensor to a motivated licensee. They further explain that most tend to be patterns, trademarks, or technical know how that are granted to the licensee for a specified time in return for a royalty and for avoiding tariffs or import quotas. Advantages of Licensing Pearce and Robison (2 003) argue that firms that use licensing will benefit from lowering the risk of entry into the foreign markets and used best in companies large enough to have a ombination of international strategical activities and for firms with standardized products in narrow margin industries. Disadvantages of Licensing According to Pearce and Robison (2004) is the possibility that the foreign partner will gain the experience and evolve into a major rival after the contract expires as this was a case between U. S electronics firms with Japanese companies. Secondly they argue that another potential problem stems from the control that the licensor forfeits on production, marketing and 13 general distribution of its products.And this loss of control minimizes a companys degrees of freedom as it reevaluates its future options. 2. 4. 3. Franchising Pearce and Robison (2004) define Franchising as form of licensing which allows the franchise to sell a highly publicized product or service, using the pa rents brand name or trademark, carefully developed procedures, and marketing strategies. In exchange the franchisee pays a fee to the parent company, typically based on the volume of sales of the franchisor in its defined market area. The local investor who must adhere to the strict policies of the parent operates the franchise.Examples are Avis, Burger King, CocaCola, Hilton, Kentucky fried chicken, Manpower and Pepsi. ACCA (2004) asserts that the franchiser provides the name, any good will associated with it, systems, business methods, support services such as advertising, training and site decoration while the franchisee provides the capital, personal involvement, local market knowledge, payment to the franchiser for the rights, support services and responsibility for day to day running and the last-ditch profitability of the franchise.Disadvantages of franchising According to ACCA (2004) search for competent candidates is both costly and time consuming where the franchiser req uires many outlets for example McDonalds in UK. Also the control over franchisees is demanding as they are spread over many locations. 14 2. 4. 4. Transnational Alliances Levi (1996) defines transnational alliances as associations of firms in different countries working(a) together to overcome the limitation of working alone. One of the motivations to form a ransnational alliance is cooperation over research where cost and risks may be too high for any one firm or where different firms may possess different abilities. He gives an example IBM and Siemens of Germany in Memory chip development or marketing of Geo produced in Korea by GM. He further asserts that transnational alliances are compromise between a firm doing everything itself and dealing with a stranger. Advantages Of transnational alliances As Levi (1996) argues organizations form transnational alliances to gain access to foreign markets, to exploit complementary technologies and to reduce time taken for innovation. . 4. 5. Wholly owned foreign subsidiaries Based on a study done by Richard Vernon of Harvard Business School where 187 United States manufacturing with six or more foreign subsidiaries outside of Canada the researcher concluded that these multinational corporations tend to be larger, more profitable more advertising and research oriented and more diversified than firms which have not invested abroad. (Horst, 1972) 4. 0 INDUSTRIAL AND BUSINESS Economic reforms/environment affects the business and industry directly.Business plans and programmers are directly influenced by economic factors, 15 such as, interest rates, money supply, price level, consumers credit etc. Economic conditions leading to ostentation or deflation affect the business activities. Inflation leads to rise in general price-level, whereas deflation leads to fall in price level. Higher petrol prices in the country resulted to a trend in favor of small like Maruti and starlet cars. State of industrial trade and business bo oms and slumps constitute the economics of market environment, (Lewis, 2006).Recently government initiated various economic policies. As such the impact of these reforms changes on business and industry in the following manner 2. 5. Buyers market In the liberalized policy regime shortages of goods are no more, but there are surplus of goods. These arise collectible to competition, reduction in cost, up-gradation of technology, improvement in quality and customer convenience. Removal of government restrictions on capacity creation and capacity utilization has also helped increase in the supply of goods.Industry has been given total freedom to expand and diversify. Price control has been removed. investment now takes place in the areas of demand. All these changes have made the buyer, the sovereign of the market. 2. 6. Export is required for survival Implementation of new trade policy has joined imports to exports. The enterprises should earn foreign exchange by exports and use the same foreign exchange for importing raw material spares and equipments. For example Reliance Group, Essar World Trade, Ceat, Videocon, Eicher, MRF etc, are being benefited by the 16 new policy. 2. 7.Threat from multinational companies Due to the present policy of liberalization of our government, massive entry of multinationals in the country has started. The vast resources and the mod technology of the present multi-national companies have enabled their subsidiary companies to boost sales and enjoy strategic advantage over their competitors. The presence of multinational companies has been rendering valuable services to our economy. It is supplying superior quality of goods, generating more employment opportunities, promoting modern technology and awakening our business community.Presence of multinational companies has also boosted growth of small industries in the country. 2. 8. boilers suit competition The new competitive environment has thrown the economy open. There is tough competition between multinationals and there is also competition between local enterprises and foreign enterprises. Competition has now become global. It is not confined to national boundaries. For instance, Weston Electronics Company, which held about 18% of the television market, has been virtually thrown out of the market due to cutthroat competition and technological backwardness. . 9. World class technology Changes in government policy regarding business and industry have provided us with world-class technology. approximately companies have also started making investment in research and development. Pharmaceutical industries in countries such as India made 2% investment in R & D. In developed countries investment in 17 research and development is approximately 12%. Multinationals are also bringing world-class technology in the country. This has enabled faster growth of industries. 2. 10. Future not guided by past failuresIt is rightly said that future starts afresh for compan ies. Future now needs new strategies, high technologies, determined efforts, enthusiasm, organization and leadership. newfound approaches, systems structures and new leadership must emerge to compete with the multinationals. We must forget the past, bury its failures and start working with new endeavor, approaches and leadership. 2. 11. Wider and diverse markets Due to globalization markets have been opened up and can now be widely accessed by companies from various countries.Countries have lift barriers ameliorate flow of goods between them. This has boosted import and export trade among various countries. Regional trading blocks have been formed to improve trade and allow free flow of goods and services among member countries. In the agricultural sector, crop imports are traded at cheaper prices and exchanged for another commodity because of the free trade as entailed among the provisions of bodies such as COMESA or WTO. A country such as Philippines could purchase or import cro ps from another country at cheaper tariff rates, in case of a shortage.However, on the downside, countries that are more progressive agriculturally could just dump their third-rate or low-class products to their third-world trading counterparts. 18 2. 12. Foreign direct investment inflows Local industries which have invested abroad such as Bidco oil refinery is reaping huge profits from its foreign direct investments such as from its investment in Uganda wield plantation. Creation of common markets has given countries incentives to invest in those countries thus leading to investment inflows.Lowering of tariffs countries such as India have been reaping from enormous opportunities emerging from globalization such as consequent lowering of tariff barriers. Information Technology has given Indian industries formidable brand equity in the global markets. Indian companies have a unique distinction of providing efficient business solutions with cost and quality as an advantage by using s tate of art technology. Outsourcing is the act of great(p) a third-party the responsibility of running hat would otherwise be an internal system or service. Due to globalization, most companies and businesses have sought to contract most of its services or processes to outsiders. Most industries now use outsourcing such as call centers and can outsource its functions such as marketing, financial, training, transport and distribution and so forth. Capitalize on global trade most domestic industries now capitalize on global trade by concentrating on the domestic market and then leverage their economies of scale overseas. 2. 13.Devaluation Some countries have had to cope up with the trend of globalization by devaluing their currency such as India. The first step towards globalization was taken with the announcement of the devaluation of Indian currency by 18-19 percent against 19 major currencies in the international foreign exchange market. This was a measure taken in order to resolv e the balance of payment crisis. 5. 0 ANALYSIS AND CONCLUSION In conclusion my own critique on globalization is that the whole process has increased power that multinational corporations seems to enjoy .This is seen as a particularly worrying phenomenon because it affects the issues that are raised and witnessed everywhere we have a multinational company. An overriding concern is that globalization increases the gap between the haves and the have-not of the world. Unfair labor practices such as child labour, poor working conditions and low remuneration packages are some of issues that have been witnessed in the recent past. Although its not clear whether the forces of globalization may produce a general downslope of working conditions around the world or increase the inequality of working conditions among countries . espite the above ,in rich countries the picture is totally different thus self-interested opposition to globalization with fears that cheap imports or immigrants from other countries will lower the relative wages of low-skilled workers, more rapid economic change and shifting patterns of comparative advantage will increase economic insecurity and international competition. Despite all this countering the claims of globalization skeptics is a century-old economy theory that predicts free trade will reduce a convergence of labour conditions around the world. 20 6. References ACCA (2004) Strategic business planning and development (paper 3. 5). London BPP Professional Education Alston, P. (2005). Labour rights as human rights. New York Oxford University Press Inc. Deresky, H. (2008). foreign concern Managing Across Borders and Culture (6th ed. ). Upper Saddle River, Pearson Education. Gallois, C. , & Callan, V. (1997). Communication and culture A guide for practice. Chichester, UK, Wiley. Ferrell, O. , Fraedrich, J. , & Ferrell, L. (2008). Business Ethics Ethical decision making and cases. New York Houghton Mifflin Company. Horst T. 1972) Firm an d Industry Determinants of the Decision to Invest Abroad An Empirical Study The Review of Economics and Statistics, Vol. 54, No. 3 (Aug. , 1972), pp. 258-266 Kotler, Philip Marketing Management nineth edition, Prentice Hall India Lewis D. 3rd ed. (2006) When cultures collide. Leading across cultures. London. Nicholas Brealey International. Levi, Maurice D (1996) International Finance The markets and financial management multinational business (3rd ed) Singapore McGraw- 21 McFarlin, D. B. , & Sweeney, P. D. (2006). International Management Strategic Opportunities and Cultural Challenges (3rd ed. . Boston, Houghton Mifflin Company. OCarroll, G. (n. d. ). Intercultural Communication Module Intercultural communication. Retrieved from ECO European Career Orientation website http//eco. ittralee. ie// Pearce, J. and Robinson, R. (2004). Strategic Management Formulation, Implementation and Control. New York The McGraw-Hill Companies Schermehorn, J. R. (2005). organizational Behavior (9th ed. ). Hoboken, NJ Thomas, D. C. (2002). Essentials of International Management A cross culture Perspective. 2455 Teller Road, Sage Publications Inc. 22

Importance Of High School Sports

?M some(prenominal) populate do not realize the importance of advanced educate sports let me tell a story. there were two everlasting(a)ly different peasants that went to the same racy inculcate. One of them put downd in extravagantly school sports from F all in all to Spring. This kid unploughed up with his grades and kept busy with sports and home use. The other kid did not participate in any kind of school sports. The kid who didnt play any sports went home afterward school every day, so instead of playing sports or doing home lend in the informal time available, he had to find something else to life busy. Having all this free time led trouble.There is no need to go into more depth in the story the point is that people do not realize that high school sports ar a crucial part of macrocosm a penny-pinching student and becoming a booming adult. The evidence supporting sports corporation for late people is provoke It has the power to combat everything from racism to low self-image, to the high-school drop-out rate (Castle). One of the many an(prenominal) bene operates of playing high school gymnastics is that the school-age child has to sign a computer code of conduct that bequeath keep the student athlete responsible for his or her actions.1) Use or possession of tobacco products. 2) macrocosm present more than 5 proceedings at a function where alcohol and/or drugs are being consumed/used or shake up been consumed or used. 3) Use or possession of shake beverages and illegal drugs or drug paraphernalia. 4) Committing unlawful acts that pay off or could drive resulted in a misdemeanor or high penalty. 5) Serious and/or restate violation of school rules. 6) Serious and/or repeated unsportsmanlike conduct. This is a list of the rules that must be purely followed in order to participate in a sports team at Nooksack Valley graduate(prenominal) School.If any of these rules are broken during season the athlete is penalized by being ineligible to play for 60% of the season. If the code is violated during the off-season, the penalty is disqualification for 40% of the season. Athletes that take their sport seriously, and hope to move on to a collegiate level know that missing 40% to 60% percent of a season will hurt their chances of being scouted substantially. The risk taken by gap the athletic code is not charge losing a chance of a scholarship to continue playing a sport a student loves at a competitive level.The Sumner School order has a great federal agency of explaining the code of conduct to the community. This activities code is designed to establish a reasonable, high sample for participants in co-curricular activities that empower our participants to make separate decisions, rather than to be punitive and deny access to such activities. Co-curricular activities are a privilege and in all voluntary. along with this privilege comes the expectation of a higher(prenominal) standard of behavior and conduct.Participants in these activities are considered to be in positions of leadership representing themselves, their families, the team, school, district and community (Sumner Athletics). This brief blurb from the Sumner Athletics Code of Conduct represents the higher standard athletes, actors, singers, dancers, and all participants of extracurricular activities are held to. Being compound in sports does not only reflect the athlete, but is a representation of the wide-cut student body and supply members.The responsibility of athletes to uphold this good re regularizeation is wholeness of the main reasons student athletes are turn up to perform better in school, and bear out of trouble. Being a student athlete in high school does not only keep the student responsible, it also provides physical body process for students who have been sitting in the classroom all day. Not only does physical activity contribute to a healthy body weight and prevention of heart disease and t ype 2 diabetes, but also shows astounding benefits in academic performance and labored depression.Penny McCullagh, a psychologist, put in her research that wreak has the ability to work like an anti-depressant. McCullagh states, The most common treatments for depression, for example, are psychotherapy or medication. Psychologists have found that exercise is a third successful alternative (McCullagh). The article states the best results to help depression comes when a confederacy of exercise and psychotherapy happens together. The physical exercise from sports also helps brain function.According to a subject area d wholeness by the Department of Exercise Science at the University of Georgia, even briefly exercising for 20 minutes facilitates information processing and recollection functions (Physical Exercise for Brain Health). Just the exercise alone from sports is already helping with depression, brain functions, or just staying fit and in shape. There are many studies with evidence to support the benefit exercise has in the classroom. Researchers at Saginaw Valley State University in Michigan bring in the grades and exercise habits of 266 undergraduates.It was found that students who regularly participate in vigorous physical activity had higher G. P. A. s (Parker-Pope). Regular exercise has a tremendous power on the brain, especially in the high school years when it is still developing. Along with these benefits, being part of a sports team influences attitudes on and off the mash or field. assimilator athletes are proved to have a stronger sense of leadership, pauperization, and work ethic than their peers who do not participate in after school activities. Belonging to a team or club creates a endeavour in students to succeed in all aspects of life.Many Americans today are suffering from being obese or everywhereweight. According to the American Heart Association, 23. 9 million children ages 2 to 19 are overweight or obese 33. 0% of boys and 30. 4% of girls (Overweight & Obesity 2013 Statistical Fact Sheet). That operator almost two thirds of all the Americans are at an unhealthy weight. According to Centers for Disease Control, obesity brings in $147 million in healthcare costs per year. There are many different causes for obesity such as stress, inactivity, and depression.There is one simple solution to decrease the amount of money of obese adults and children in America. Playing sports helps with all three of the problems. Habits are formed at a young age, so if sports are a part of a lifestyle as a young child, they will most likely be a part of their future. When some people think about exercise, they in a flash think boring, tedious, painful workouts in an over packed gym. What most people dont know is that exercise can be fun individually it takes is the motivation to get off the couch. recitation with others increases the chance that you will stick with it.Sports teams are the ultimate example of this. When a support system is built in, with the drive to not let your teammates down, the motivation to be physically fit comes naturally. People argue that playing sports leaves no time for homework. However, there is a system at Nooksack Valley High School called study table. Study table is an hour long class where any missing homework can be complete forrader school. This system was made to bust extra help to kids that are failing classes while playing sports. Nooksack Valleys athletic director, Tom Harmon, checks the grades of each student athlete every Sunday.If any students are failing a class a study table is assigned each morning for the entire week. If the student is failing more than one class then they are not allowed to participate in any games or tournaments held that week. The phrase student before athlete is commonly used among coaches and staff members. Being a successful student is far more valuable than making touchdowns or scoring goals. Student first, athlete seco nd is the only way to ensure students are prepared for higher education or entering the work force after graduation.Some people may argue that high school sports need to be cut due to lack of funding. Personally, I think without the opportunity to participate in sports students will lack the development of very important life skills. From capture, players can express that being a member of a high school sports team has taught them how to work hard for what they want, how to step up and be a leader, and how to communicate with others and be a team player. These skills and personality traits are all things that future employers are spirit for when making hiring decisions.Managers know that people who have grown up being involved in sports teams and clubs are trained to work good with others, and have a strong work ethic. Marty Brounstein lists ten qualities of an potent team player as the ability to demonstrate reliability, communicate constructively, listen actively, function as an active participant, appoint openly and willingly, exhibit flexibility, show commitment, work as a problem solver, and, finally, treat others with respect and support. Team players with commitment look beyond their own minute of the work and care about the teams general work.In the end, their commitment is about winsome not in the sports sense of beating your opponent but about seeing the team succeed and knowing they have contributed to this success. Winning as a team is one of the great motivators of employee performance. Good team players have and show this motivation (Brounstein). In conclusion, being actively involved in high school sports shows success on and off the court or field as well as in future locomote choices. Participation in sports teams is not only beneficial while in high school but in all stages of life.Skills learned from coaches and teammates can be applied in meeting new friends in college, at job interviews, and in many other instances. We have dat a indicating sports and other extracurricular activities do better than academic classes in teaching leadership, teamwork, time management and other skills crucial for success in the workplace (Mathews). While some may say that high school athletics need to be cut because the money spent on them could be put to better use, the evidence of many studies proves this teaching to be false.Without the opportunity to be a part of a team or club, students lose out on a great learning experience that acts as a foundation for the rest of their lives. The ability to manage being a successful student as well as a good athlete takes a special skill that is developed during the high school years. There needs to be a balance between academic and athletic commitment. A students high school career cannot only be based on one or the other. It needs a combination of the two in order for the student to reach full potential.Michael Jordan is one of the most inspiring athletes to kids around the world. He often stems his success back to his experiences with high school sports. I believe it is stories like his that demonstrate the importance of being involved in sports teams, and the life lessons that are learned throughout the experience. A known quote from Jordan states, Ive missed more than 9000 shots in my career. Ive lost almost 300 games. 26 times, Ive been trusted to take the game winning shot and missed. Ive failed over and over and over again in my life. And that is why I succeed. Importance of High School SportsMany people do not realize the importance of high school sports let me tell a story. There were two completely different kids that went to the same high school. One of them participated in high school sports from Fall to Spring. This kid kept up with his grades and kept busy with sports and homework. The other kid did not participate in any kind of school sports. The kid who didnt play any sports went home after school every day, so instead of playing sports or d oing homework in the free time available, he had to find something else to keep busy. Having all this free time led trouble.There is no need to go into more depth in the story the point is that people do not realize that high school sports are a crucial part of being a good student and becoming a successful adult. The evidence supporting sports participation for young people is overwhelming It has the power to combat everything from racism to low self-image, to the high-school drop-out rate (Castle). One of the many benefits of playing high school athletics is that the Student has to sign a code of conduct that will keep the student athlete responsible for his or her actions.1)Use or possession of tobacco products. 2) Being present more than 5 minutes at a function where alcohol and/or drugs are being consumed/used or have been consumed or used. 3) Use or possession of intoxicating beverages and illegal drugs or drug paraphernalia. 4) Committing unlawful acts that have or could have resulted in a misdemeanor or higher penalty. 5) Serious and/or repeated violation of school rules. 6) Serious and/or repeated unsportsmanlike conduct. This is a list of the rules that must be strictly followed in order to participate in a sports team at Nooksack Valley High School.If any of these rules are broken during season the athlete is penalized by being ineligible to play for 60% of the season. If the code is violated during the off-season, the penalty is disqualification for 40% of the season. Athletes that take their sport seriously, and hope to move on to a collegiate level know that missing 40% to 60% percent of a season will hurt their chances of being scouted substantially. The risk taken by breaking the athletic code is not worth losing a chance of a scholarship to continue playing a sport a student loves at a competitive level.The Sumner School District has a great way of explaining the code of conduct to the community. This activities code is designed to establish a reasonable, high standard for participants in co-curricular activities that empower our participants to make appropriate decisions, rather than to be punitive and deny access to such activities. Co-curricular activities are a privilege and completely voluntary. Along with this privilege comes the expectation of a higher standard of behavior and conduct.Participants in these activities are considered to be in positions of leadership representing themselves, their families, the team, school, district and community (Sumner Athletics). This brief blurb from the Sumner Athletics Code of Conduct represents the higher standard athletes, actors, singers, dancers, and all participants of extracurricular activities are held to. Being involved in sports does not only reflect the athlete, but is a representation of the entire student body and staff members.The responsibility of athletes to uphold this good reputation is one of the main reasons student athletes are proven to perform better in school, and stay out of trouble. Being a student athlete in high school does not only keep the student responsible, it also provides physical activity for students who have been sitting in the classroom all day. Not only does physical activity contribute to a healthy body weight and prevention of heart disease and type 2 diabetes, but also shows astounding benefits in academic performance and lowering depression.Penny McCullagh, a psychologist, found in her research that exercise has the ability to work like an anti-depressant. McCullagh states, The most common treatments for depression, for example, are psychotherapy or medication. Psychologists have found that exercise is a third successful alternative (McCullagh). The article states the best results to help depression comes when a combination of exercise and psychotherapy happens together. The physical exercise from sports also helps brain function.According to a study done by the Department of Exercise Science at the University of Georgia, even briefly exercising for 20 minutes facilitates information processing and memory functions (Physical Exercise for Brain Health). Just the exercise alone from sports is already helping with depression, brain functions, or just staying fit and in shape. There are many studies with evidence to support the benefit exercise has in the classroom. Researchers at Saginaw Valley State University in Michigan tracked the grades and exercise habits of 266 undergraduates.It was found that students who regularly participate in vigorous physical activity had higher G. P. A. s (Parker-Pope). Regular exercise has a tremendous effect on the brain, especially in the high school years when it is still developing. Along with these benefits, being part of a sports team influences attitudes on and off the court or field. Student athletes are proven to have a stronger sense of leadership, motivation, and work ethic than their peers who do not participate in after school activities. Belongin g to a team or club creates a drive in students to succeed in all aspects of life.Many Americans today are suffering from being obese or overweight. According to the American Heart Association, 23. 9 million children ages 2 to 19 are overweight or obese 33. 0% of boys and 30. 4% of girls (Overweight & Obesity 2013 Statistical Fact Sheet). That means almost two thirds of all the Americans are at an unhealthy weight. According to Centers for Disease Control, obesity brings in $147 billion in healthcare costs per year. There are many different causes for obesity such as stress, inactivity, and depression.There is one simple solution to decrease the amount of obese adults and children in America. Playing sports helps with all three of the problems. Habits are formed at a young age, so if sports are a part of a lifestyle as a young child, they will most likely be a part of their future. When some people think about exercise, they instantly think boring, tedious, painful workouts in an o ver packed gym. What most people dont know is that exercise can be fun All it takes is the motivation to get off the couch. Exercising with others increases the chance that you will stick with it.Sports teams are the ultimate example of this. When a support system is built in, with the drive to not let your teammates down, the motivation to be physically fit comes naturally. People argue that playing sports leaves no time for homework. However, there is a system at Nooksack Valley High School called study table. Study table is an hour long class where any missing homework can be complete before school. This system was made to give extra help to kids that are failing classes while playing sports. Nooksack Valleys athletic director, Tom Harmon, checks the grades of each student athlete every Sunday.If any students are failing a class a study table is assigned each morning for the entire week. If the student is failing more than one class then they are not allowed to participate in any games or tournaments held that week. The phrase student before athlete is commonly used among coaches and staff members. Being a successful student is far more important than making touchdowns or scoring goals. Student first, athlete second is the only way to ensure students are prepared for higher education or entering the work force after graduation.Some people may argue that high school sports need to be cut due to lack of funding. Personally, I think without the opportunity to participate in sports students will lack the development of very important life skills. From experience, players can say that being a member of a high school sports team has taught them how to work hard for what they want, how to step up and be a leader, and how to communicate with others and be a team player. These skills and personality traits are all things that future employers are looking for when making hiring decisions.Managers know that people who have grown up being involved in sports teams and c lubs are trained to work well with others, and have a strong work ethic. Marty Brounstein lists ten qualities of an effective team player as the ability to demonstrate reliability, communicate constructively, listen actively, function as an active participant, share openly and willingly, exhibit flexibility, show commitment, work as a problem solver, and, finally, treat others with respect and support. Team players with commitment look beyond their own piece of the work and care about the teams overall work.In the end, their commitment is about winning not in the sports sense of beating your opponent but about seeing the team succeed and knowing they have contributed to this success. Winning as a team is one of the great motivators of employee performance. Good team players have and show this motivation (Brounstein). In conclusion, being actively involved in high school sports shows success on and off the court or field as well as in future career choices. Participation in sports t eams is not only beneficial while in high school but in all stages of life.Skills learned from coaches and teammates can be applied in meeting new friends in college, at job interviews, and in many other instances. We have data indicating sports and other extracurricular activities do better than academic classes in teaching leadership, teamwork, time management and other skills crucial for success in the workplace (Mathews). While some may say that high school athletics need to be cut because the money spent on them could be put to better use, the evidence of many studies proves this statement to be false.Without the opportunity to be a part of a team or club, students lose out on a great learning experience that acts as a foundation for the rest of their lives. The ability to manage being a successful student as well as a good athlete takes a special skill that is developed during the high school years. There needs to be a balance between academic and athletic commitment. A studen ts high school career cannot only be based on one or the other. It needs a combination of the two in order for the student to reach full potential.Michael Jordan is one of the most inspiring athletes to kids around the world. He often stems his success back to his experiences with high school sports. I believe it is stories like his that demonstrate the importance of being involved in sports teams, and the life lessons that are learned throughout the experience. A famous quote from Jordan states, Ive missed more than 9000 shots in my career. Ive lost almost 300 games. 26 times, Ive been trusted to take the game winning shot and missed. Ive failed over and over and over again in my life. And that is why I succeed.